Ethical Issues a Business Needs to Consider in Its Operational Activities free essay sample

They are in the grain based snack foods and beverage and some other products. I have chosen this company because it an internationally recognized company that generated billions of pounds a year in revenue. Their headquarters is currently stationed in New York, the beverage drink product, Pepsi is originally developed in North Carolina in 1898 by a young business man and then sold to PepsiCo to 1961 where it was renamed Pepsi. Mission Statement: Our mission is to be the worlds premier consumer Products Company focused on convenient foods and beverages. We seek to produce financial rewards to investors as we provide opportunities for growth and enrichment to our employees, our business partners and the communities in which we operate. And in everything we do, we strive for honesty, fairness and integrity. PepsiCo’s mission statement goes into how they provide world premier products which is focused on foods and beverages. They speak about how they seek to provide all their employees with opportunities and growth also with a competitive salary. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethical Issues a Business Needs to Consider in Its Operational Activities or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page At the end they also proclaim that they are honest and fair, which is a good way for any company to be viewed by its customers. Aims and objective: PepsiCo’s responsibility is to continually improve all aspects of the world in which we operate – environment, social, economic creating a better tomorrow than today. Pepsi basically says that its aims and objectives are to improve all aspects of the world which they are involved in, creating a better future for us. They want us to think they are interested in the future and committed to creating a better life for everyone. Ethical Issues Facing the Business – Pepsi has similar problems with its products to Coke; the plastic bottles need to be a percentage recycled and able to be recycled, the water they use for their drinks in some remote areas of the world is being taken from local people and as a result they are struggling to find a solution to the water problems and it is causing farmers to move away in seek of just water. In India, where Pepsi has a few factories, they have been criticised by local farmers by the amount of pollution that their factories use and the amount of water they use in their beverages, meaning the farmers are unable to grow their crops efficiently. Also, Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) claimed that the water used for Pepsi that the toxins included pesticides that can contribute to cancer and the overall breakdown of the immune system. In 1991, Pepsi paid Thein Tin to help with their entrance to Burma who was supporter of the Burmese military junta, which was accused of human rights violations in the world, most companies didn’t enter the country because of this reason, but it didn’t seem to affect Pepsi. Stakeholders and Ethical Concerns Describe the stakeholders your chosen business has: Pepsi has many stakeholders all over the world; firstly the customers who buy their products are one of the most important groups for they keep the company afloat, the share holders who invest money in the company keep it trading and able to expand and invest. Workers and the communities which rely on the work Pepsi provide are also crucial share holders, without workers the product cannot be produced and then sold to the customers. On a larger scale the western world is important for their products are sold there and 3rd world countries are important because of cheap labour costs meaning they can produce in the mass and ship all over the world. Pepsi is a Public company, meaning it sells shares. Describe how the business is attempting to show its stakeholders that it is aware of the ethical concerns that apply to its operational activities: On bottles during the last 10 year or so after all the controversial arguments about global warming and companies being slated about the amount of waste that they produce, most companies including Pepsi have put a small label on the packaging of their products saying â€Å"made from 99% recycled materials† or something similar. This shows that the company is paying attention and listens to its consumers and has only good intentions when trying to sell their product, not destroying the earth with excess waste.

My Work Experience Diary Essay Example

My Work Experience Diary Essay Example My Work Experience Diary Essay My Work Experience Diary Essay It was my first day of work experience, (I worked at the Morrisons head office at the Cutler Heights Division) I woke up at 8:00a. m, and I got ready and went downstairs and ate breakfast. I went to my work experience with my brother in his car, I got there on time, I was nervous and thought it was going to be boring but it was quite interesting really. I went inside and the receptionist told me to sit down while she called someone. A man named Mike came and took me into the administration department and into his office. (He was the company accountant). He told me all about the company and what it does and what I was going to do. I had my own desk with a computer. I started off with some filing and later on I did some production orders on the computer. There were 7 people in the same as room as me. They were friendly and kind to me. I finished at approximately 3:00, the senior clerk (whose name was Angela) told me I had done a good job and I could go home. I was working next to a motorway and had to go through tunnels to get to the bus stop. At first I couldnt find the bus stop but after ten minutes I found it and had to wait for about five minutes before the bus came. I got on and I found out that the bus was going the other way from which I came in the morning, but I thought he might be going another way so I sat down. I was worried I might be going somewhere else so I thought I should ask him, when I asked him he told me Huddersfield. I told him to let me off at the next bus stop and asked him where the bus stop to Bradford was. He told me and I got off and I had to walk quite a long way back, but I found the bus stop straight way and got on, this time I asked the bus driver where the bus was going and he told me Bradford. I was relieved, I sat down and got home fifteen twenty minutes later. The next day, I woke up earlier because I had to go on the bus. I didnt want to go because I was tired but I managed to get up and get ready. I got at my workplace on time. I went to my desk and sat down and waited for the Angela to come and tell me what work I should do. I started off doing some lot number accounting that was just sorting out some lot numbers. I did that for most of the day and did some typing on the computer later on; I was bored to death and shattered at the end of the day. I went straight home and went to sleep for a few hours. The next few days were the same, I felt like not coming but I thought I might as well. On the last day of the first week the manager Karen asked me, how I was settling in and if I liked the work or not. I said, Its alright. I was happy at the end of the day when I went home so I could go home and relax. The next week on Monday, I wasnt feeling too well, so I decided not to go, so I stayed at home and watched TV and played on my computer. II phoned and told my manager that I wasnt coming in and she said it was fine and told me that she hoped I would be better tomorrow. The next two days I went to work and did similar work on both days, which were typing, and some filing. On Thursday I went quite late because I overslept and Angela was talking to Karen, when I went in I was a bit nervous because I thought she might ask me why I came late but when I went in Angela looked at her watch and gave Karen a glance to tell her that I was late but Karen didnt notice her. She just came over and gave me some paper to sort out. Later on when everyone had gone to lunch, Angela came to me and asked me why I came late, I told her that I overslept and I apologized to her. She said if this was a real job, the manager wouldve given me a warning and some bosses may even throw me out. The rest of the day I did some production orders and went home before 3:00 because everyone was finishing early so I got home early. The next day I made sure I went in early and they were all working when I went in, I went to the desk and started doing the work that was already on the desk. At break everyone went to get a snack from the canteen but I was fasting so I had to stay. Karen asked me how Id liked the job and I said it was very good. I did some filing and accounting and finished at 3:00 and said goodbye to everyone and I left and took one last look at the Morrisons Company and left smiling.

Envisioning America & What Caused the Pueblo Revolt Essay - 3

Envisioning America & What Caused the Pueblo Revolt - Essay Example The Spanish and English colonists were similar in the sense that they viewed themselves as someone who is superior whereas the Pueblo people and the American Indians were inferior people which made them a victim of the colonists’ superiority complex. Considering the English colonization, the English colonists viewed the native tribes they had encountered in North America as a group of people with well-established economic activities and relations related to agriculture and hunting. With regards to North America, the English people viewed the country as a nation that has a lot of natural resources that could contribute to the economic success of the English people. In fact, it was in North America where the Europeans found new foods including potatoes, tomatoes, and squash (Mancall, 1995, p. 5). Using religion as a strategy to colonize the Pueblos, the Spanish colonists viewed the Pueblos as a group of people who is weak and can be easily forced to follow the Spanish religion. On the contrary, the American Indians and Pueblos viewed the English and Spanish colonists as abusive and dangerous intruders. Frontiers of inclusion means that the act of intermixing and dealings between the races is allowed whereas the frontiers of exclusion means that settling took place in such as way that people are not allowed to intermix with other race and culture (Hutchison, 2003). Upon reading the books written by Mancall and Weber, it is safe to conclude that the â€Å"frontiers of inclusion† and â€Å"frontiers of exclusion† play a part in the ways that the English and the Spanish conducted their settlements in a foreign land. In the case of the English people, they use of frontiers of exclusion when settling in another country or territory. This is the main reason why the group of English people who colonized North America viewed their native tribe Indians as a group of individuals not equal to their own people but of a lower race (Hutchison, 2003, Mancall,

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 17

Leadership - Essay Example An example of a transformational leader motivating followers is M. Fethullah GÃ ¼len. He has convinced a movement in Turkey promoting a different kind of Islam. GÃ ¼len motivates his followers with education, a promise of peace, and tolerance. He has built education centers world wide. These educational centers are based on the Islam faith, but do not require students to be Muslim. GÃ ¼len teaches of respect among all religions, Christian, Muslim, or Jewish. Dialogue should be shared among all. Many of GÃ ¼len’s student and followers are motivated by the thought of peace between the religions and furthering of education. The vision is also important. Anyone can say they want to go to the moon, but it takes a leader to get followers to build a rocket ship. The vision must be practical and achievable, with benefits for the followers. It might be impossible to those not wanting change, but GÃ ¼len’s vision is achievable. Thousands of Muslims have heeded GÃ ¼len’s cause of non-violence. GÃ ¼len’s followers believe Islam is a religion and a way of life, just like Islamic terrorists. However, his followers believe that terror or forcing Islam on other cultures is morally wrong. GÃ ¼len’s vision is being carried out, maybe not by every Muslim, but by a good following in Turkey. Hopefully one day Muslims can achieve a lasting peace with each other and the world through transformational leaders like

The United Nations and Colombia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The United Nations and Colombia - Essay Example The Republic of Colombia, which achieved independence from Spain in 1810 and became recognized in 1819, joined the UN on 5th October 1945 (Borda & Castillo 3). It is among the present member states and is located on South America’s northwestern coast. The country has Ambassador Maria Emma Mejia as its permanent representative to the UN. This paper will research on how Colombia started in the UN, how it has maintained itself over the years as a member, its relations with the organization, and the past and current projects it has had with it. Briefly describing the UN, its system is basically structured on five key organs which include the General Assembly, the International Court of Justice, the Security Council, the Secretariat and the Economic and Social Council (Fasulo 14). The General Assembly resolves non-compulsory recommendations to countries and makes decisions on the admission of new member states after the Security Council’s proposal. The Secretariat, chaired by the UN Secretary General, provides administrative support to the other bodies, while the International Court of Justice decides and settles disputes between countries that acknowledge its opinions and jurisdiction. The Security Council’s key responsibility is maintaining international security and peace, and the Economic and Social Council coordinates social and economic affairs globally (Fasulo 15). To become a member state of the UN as well as a member of the UN General Assembly, the organization’s main deliberative assembly of w hich all member states are, Colombia fulfilled the obligations stipulated by the Charter. Part of the requirements state that although membership is open to all states, such states must be sovereign, peace-loving and willing to observe all obligations as contained in the Charter. Further, in conformity with the provisions of Article 4, Chapter 2 of the UN Charter, Colombia was subjected to the General Assembly’s decision after the

Reasons Behind The Growth Of Eurocurrency Markets Finance Essay

Reasons Behind The Growth Of Eurocurrency Markets Finance Essay The Eurocurrency market Ñ onsists of banks, which Ñ alled Euro banks that aÑ Ãƒâ€˜Ã‚ ept deÑâ‚ ¬osits and make loans in foreign currencies. Eurocurrency is a deÑâ‚ ¬osit held in the bank outside the Ñ ountry in whose currency the deÑâ‚ ¬osit is dominated. The deÑâ‚ ¬osit can be Ñâ‚ ¬laced in a foreign bank or in the foreign branch of a domestiÑ  US bank. For à Ã‚ µxample, dollars deÑâ‚ ¬osited in a bank in Switzerland arà Ã‚ µ Eurodollars, yen deÑâ‚ ¬osited at a US bank are Euro yen, etc. The Eurocurrency market is dominated by US dollar or the Eurodollar. The deposit need to be held at a European bank or in Europe. Eurocurrency is used for lending and borrowing. The Eurocurrency market often provides a cheap and convenient form of liquidity for the financing of international trade and investment. The main borrowers and lenders are the commercial banks, large companies, and the central banks. By raising funds in Eurocurrencies it is possible to secure more favorable terms and rates of interest, and sometimes to avoid domestic regulations and taxation. The deposits and loans were initially on a short-term basis but increasing use is being made of medium-term loans, particularly through the raising of Eurobonds. This has to some extent replaced the syndicated loan market, in which banks lent money as a group in order to share the risk. The Eurocurrency market is dominated by US dollar or the Eurodollar. Occasionally, during the 1970s and 1980s, which were a weak dollar period, the Euro Swiss Franc and the Euro Deutsche Mark markets increased in importance. The Eurodollar market originated post Second World War in France and England thanks to the fear of Soviet Bloc countries that dollar deposits held in the US may be attached by US citizens with claims against communist governments. A Eurocurrency is a freely convertible currency deposited in a bank located in a country which is not the native country of the currency. Restrictions on convertibility take many forms limiting the amount that can be exchanged, the currencies into which exchange is possible, the uses for which foreign exchange can be obtained, or the range of holders who are allowed foreign exchange. The Eurocurrency market has grown rapidly mainly due to the existence of various US regulations that have raised costs and lowered returns on domestic banking transactions. In other words, the Eurocurrency market has become popular because of the absence of restrictions from the government which have led to attractive deposit rates for savers and attractive loan rates for borrowers. This means that banks can offer higher interest rates on Eurocurrency deposits than on deposits made in the home currency. Similarly, banks can also charge lower interest rates to Eurocurrency borrowers than to those who borrow the home currency. The spread between the Eurocurrency deposit and lending rates is less than the spread between the domestic deposit and lending rates giving Eurocurrency banks a competitive edge over domestic banks. The Eurocurrency market began to develop in the 1950s, when the Eastern Bloc countries were afraid the United States might seize their holdings of dollars. It means that instead of depositing their dollars in the United States, they deposited them in Europe. Additional dollar deposits came from Western European central banks and companies that exported to the United States. The other long-running disadvantage was a Regulation Q. This prohibited the payment of interest on demand deposits, as well as authorising the Federal Reserve to set a maximum interest rate payable on savings and time deposits in US banks. The level of interest rates in the money supply was raised through slowing down the growth of the money supply. However, while money market interest rates rose, the interest rates payable on time deposits, were held down by the ceiling. Investors moved their time deposits from the banking system, causing the banks to experience a shortage of funds. The banks then looked to the E urodollar market for funds, and in 1966, when money was tight, borrowing from European Branches of US banks by their head offices rose by $2.5 billion. Nevertheless, banks began to regard the market as a substitute source of dollars even when Regulation Q was not effective as in 1967. Funds raised through this method were then used to continue lending to customers in the US. Regulation Q stimulated the growth of the Eurodollar market in two ways: firstly, it reinforced the market`s ability to offer higher interest rates on deposits. Two other reasons why they could offer higher interest rates were that Euro banks operated on lower margins; and the effect of domestic reserve requirements. Secondly, the growth of the market was stimulated because of the demand for dollars from commercial banks in the US in order to go around domestic credit restraint policies. In 1957, the market surged again after changes in British laws. In the 1960s, the market grew once again when, after changes in US regulations discouraged US banks from lending to non-US residents, would be borrowers of dollars outside the United States turned to the Euromarkets a source of dollars. The next big increase in the Eurocurrency market came after the 1973-74 and 1979-80 oil price increases. OPEC (Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries) members avoided potential confiscation of their dollars by depositing them in banks in London. The dramatic growth of flight capital to Swiss and other banks, encouraged by the development of financial centres such as Luxembourg in which regulations ensured the protection of the anonymity of lenders. The growth in supply of funds to the market was the use by central banks of the market in order to increase returns on their holdings of international reserves. However if there had not also been a large demand from borrowers for Eur odollar, the market would not have grown so rapidly. The reasons for the large demand from the borrowers include a US government discouragement from 1963 of borrowing by foreign companies directly from the US market through the imposition of a tax that increased the cost of borrowing in the US for borrowing in most of the industrial nations. The fact that the euro banks were free of the reserve requirements imposed on domestic banks, allowed them to maintain a lower spread between borrowing and lending rates. Another important reason of a large demand is a US government limitations on the amount of capital that US transnational corporations could shift out of the US to invest abroad, forcing them to borrow outside the US and providing the market with a major group of very creditworthy borrowers. The domestic and the international markets have two major components: the inter-bank mechanism, and the channelling of funds from initial depositors to ultimate borrowers. However, in the Euro-markets, the former plays a far more important role, with respects to the latter, in which the markets introduced important innovations. The general efficiency of the inter-bank mechanism in allowing banks access to funds at very short notice, as well as allowing them to place funds in the market for very short periods to earn some interest, helps to reduce the transactions and information costs in the Eurocurrency markets. This also allows them to operate on smaller margins. Two innovations, which are associated with lending to non-banks, and which have facilitated the expansion of the Euro-currency markets, are roll-over credits and the syndicated loan system. The introduction of roll-over credits reduces the risk of interest rates moving against a bank when it tends to borrow short and long-term. It enables banks to offer higher interest rates on short-term deposits, whilst at the same time being able to commit these funds long-term, through reducing the risk of making losses if deposit rates should rise again. On the borrower`s side of the market, such roll over credits imply that interest rates at the time of borrowing are less important, because if they should fall over the course of the loan, the borrower should reap the benefits. The second innovation is that of syndication of loans. A syndicated credit is a loan in which a group of financial institutions makes funds available on common conditions to a borrower. It allows credits of larger sizes sometimes over $1 billion, to be put together, a factor that was especially important in the financing of national balance of payments deficits. In the lender`s point of view, it reduces the risks of international bank lending , through diversification of loans to political entities. It also provides more protection against selective defaults: unwillingness of a nation to repay its debts will be met with pressure from several countries, whose banks are involved. Negotiations were also feasible, because at the same time, there are few enough creditors involved. On the other hand, a possible danger of the process, which has become increasingly recognised, is that in the event of a default, the repercussions will be spread over a wide part of the Euro-currency system. This has raised questions regarding the stability of the international banking system. There are certain important consequences of the rise of the Eurocurrency markets. The first is the shift in the financial system from one depending on a state to manage the flow of international liquidity, to a system where liquidity is provided by private banks. The international financial systems were threatened with a lack of credit, there is now, excess international liquidity, and private bank lending provides this. In 1980, the US inter-bank loan market stood at $74 billion, this almost doubled to $170 billion by 1995. The international inter-bank lending market by contrast had grown to $5.8 trillion by June 1995.

Applied Linguistic And Language Learning

Today, linguistics is developed rapidly. Another aspect related to the fields of language study is also growing. Studies on language not only covers one aspect only, but has extended to areas or aspects outside the language associated with the use of language and human life. Linguistic theory is a branch of applied linguistics that focuses on the general theory and methods common in language research. Branches of linguistics can be divided into phonology, morphology, syntax, and semantics.Therefore, applied linguistics can be applied in any field. One is education related to language learning. According to Bloom & Lahey (Owen, 1992:14), language is very complex systems that can be well understood with elaborate an element or component functions. Language can be divided into three principal, though not equally important components: patterns, content, and usability. When people use language, it encodes the ideas (semantics), ie, it uses a symbol of sounds, words, and so represent an ac tual incident, object, or relationship.To communicate these ideas to others, the use of certain patterns, which include such an important part together with the corresponding sounds (phonology), the appropriate word order (syntax), and the prefix and suffix appropriate word (morphology) to clarify more specific. Speaker uses components to receive certain communications purposes, such as searching for information, get information or to get a response (pragmatics). To discuss more in depth the relationship of applied linguistics and language learning,  the following is mentioned several things that become problems in this study. The question is as follows: 1. What is the applied linguistics?2. What are the objects of study that applied linguistics? 3. How is the relationship between applied linguistics with language learning?II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Definition of Applied Linguistics The words applied/ apply, worthily to apply, which means Wearing or Using could also be i nterpreted tread, use, and deploy. Word meaning Applied = put to practical use. Word applied derived from compounding of applied linguistics. There are also linguists who disagree with the term applied linguistics, for example, Spolsky (1978) in Pateda (2011), he is more likely to agree with the terms of educational linguistics. The reasons of it, the scope of applied linguistics are broader than linguistic education, because applied linguistics also related to the translation, lexicography, language planning and other aspects.The term applied linguistics refers to a variety of activities that involve some aspects related to the language problem solving or addressing some of the concerns related to language. The object of applied linguistics study is not another language, that are the human language that serves as (1) communication systems that use speech as a medium, (2) human language daily, (3) the language that is used daily by humans as members of a particular community, or in English is called with an ordinary language or a natural language. This means the spoken language as the primary object of linguistic, whereas written language as a secondary object of linguistics, as written language can be considered as â€Å"derivative† of spoken language.The following is mentioned several sciences related to applied linguistics as the object of his studies that are: (1) Applied Linguistics or the sciences of language aspects, and in this case the language used in the literal sense. This is called pure linguistic, (2) the sciences of language, and in this case, the term language used in a figurative or metaphorical sense. Examples of science that category is kinesic and paralinguistic. Kinesic is the science of body motion/ gesture/ body language, such as head nods, hand signals and others. Paralinguistic is a science that focuses on specific activities that accompany the  pronunciation of the language, such as wheezing breath, clicking sound, laughing, small coughing, astonished forms such as ehm, anu, apa itu, apa ya and so forth, (3)Science on the opinions of the language. Metalinguistic, for example, the science that discuss the ins and outs of â€Å"language† used to describe language that is reflected in terms of linguistic theory studies, linguistics methods study, etc., (4) The sciences of the language sciences. Which belong to this category are studies that specialize in linguistics itself, just as the study of the history of linguistics, linguistic studies in the twentieth century and others. The four types of knowledge mentioned above, the only number (1) who could be called as a purely linguistic knowledge because it’s really language, while the others are not a science of language in daily terms. It could be argued that the language be applied linguistics object studied from various aspects.Those include aspects of sounds, morphemes and words, phrases and sentences as well as meaning. Branch of linguistic s which studies of sound is phonological. Morpheme or word level studied in morphology. Phrases/ sentences discussed in syntax. Whereas meaning studied in separate science called as semantics. Thus, it can be said that linguistic branches in terms of â€Å"tataran† consist of phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. Based on the above, it appears that applied linguists focused more on the application of linguistics in language teaching.This means that the applied linguistic closely related to: (1) the application of linguistic in the field of a practical use, (2) not applied linguistic theory, but the application of the theory that is linguistic theory, (3) the goal of improving the practical tasks with focusing on language.2.2 Definition Language Learning According Degeng (1997), Learning is an attempt to learn student. Teachers should be able to select appropriate learning strategies in any kind of learning activity, so it will be the actual achievement of learning obje ctives. Gilstrap and Martin (1975) also stated that the teacher's role is more closely related to the success of learners, especially with respect to the ability of teachers to define learning strategies. Learning a language is essentially a study of communication.Therefore, learning the language is directed to enhance the learner's ability to communicate, both  orally and in writing (Department of Education, 1995). This is relevant to the curriculum in 2004 that the competence of language learning directed into four, sub-aspects namely reading, speaking, listening, and listening. Brown (2000:7) suggested reconsidering some of the traditional definitions. Dictionary ‘ present ‘ reveals that learning is the acquisition of knowledge, (acquiring or getting of knowledge of a subject or a skill by study, experience, or instruction).2.3 The Relationship between Applied Linguistics and Language Learning The link between applied linguistics and language teaching, Soenardji exp lained as follows: a scientific analysis of the various symptoms formulated into rules phonologic, morphological and syntactic processing into instructional materials in language teaching. According Basiran (1999) purpose of language learning is to improve the communication skills of learners in a variety of communication contexts. Capabilities developed are comprehension of meaning, the role, the power of interpretation, assess, and express themselves with language.All of them are grouped into language, understanding, and use. To achieve the objectives above, language learning should recognize the principles of language learning that is then manifested in their learning activities, as well as make these aspects as a guide in their learning activities. Principles of language learning can be summarized as follows: (1) Learners will learn best when treated as individuals who have needs and interests, (2) Learning is given the opportunity participated in communicative language use in a variety of activities, (3) Learning is when he intentionally focused learning to shape, skills, and strategies to support language acquisition process, (4)Learning is deployed in the data socio-cultural and direct experience with being part of a culture of the target language, (5) If aware of the role and nature language and culture, (6) If given appropriate feedback regarding their progress, and (7) If given the opportunity to manage their own learning (Aminuddin, 1994). In language teaching there are terms and concepts need to be understood in the proper sense, for example, approaches, methods, and techniques. The approach is a set of assumptions regarding the nature of language, and language learning. The method is an overall plan in a systematic presentation of language based approaches is determined. While the technique are specific activities that  are implemented in the classroom, in harmony with the methods and approaches that have been. Thus the approach is axiomatic, a method is procedural, and technique is operational.III. PROBLEM & DISCUSSION Generally, it can be stated that linguistics is the science of language, or the science that makes language as an object of its study, as stated Martinet (1987:19) study of the science of human language. Linguistics often called general linguistics, linguistic science means that not only examines a language course, but examining the intricacies of language in general, the language became a tool of social interaction of humans, which is the French term called â€Å"langage†. For example, words in Indonesian â€Å"Perpanjang† can be analyzed into two morphemes, namely the â€Å"per-â€Å" and â€Å"panjang†. Morpheme per- referred to as the causative morpheme because it gives the sense of ‘ caused so ‘ extended meaning ‘ caused something to be long ‘.As a means of human communication, language is a system that is at once systematic and systemic. What is meant by systemic is that language is not a single system, but also consists of several subsystems of phonology, morphology, and syntax. As a science, linguistics also has a long history. Language learning activities result in an attempt to learn the language learners with effective and efficient manner. Efforts can be made and the purpose of analysis and study of the students’ characteristics, analysis of learning resources, establish a strategy of organizing, learning content, learning delivery strategy set, set a learning management strategy, and establish procedures for the measurement of learning outcomes.Therefore, every teacher must have skills in choosing learning strategies for each type of learning activity. Thus, selecting appropriate learning strategies in any kind of learning activity, the expected achievement of learning objectives can be met. A language learning program that is comprehensive and integrated cannot escape from giving input linguistic and cultural aspects at the same time. This is necessary so that students can apply their linguistic skills and language skills in a cultural context, as embraced by the community. In the process of language learning, there are a number of variables, which is both linguistic and nonlinguistic nature, which can determine the success of the learning process. Variables it is not a thing apart and stand on their own,  but is interconnected, related, so it is a system network.Language learning successes namely called principles of learning, which can be grouped into the principles of psychological students, and the nature of linguistic material. Psychological principles include motivations, their own experience, curiosity, analysis and synthesis of individual distinction. Thus, it can be concluded that applied linguistics is associated with both Indonesian language learning and second language taught to students. One study applied linguistics is contrastive analysis is very useful for educators in determin ing what material will be delivered in the language learning, which is adapted to the similarities and differences between the native language of students with second language students will learn.In the error analysis, easier for students to use second language and to correct any errors that may occur in the use of the second language, so that minimize the occurrence of errors in language. Analyzing language also helps in determining the method to be used in language learning..IV. CONCLUSION Applied linguistics is the utilization of knowledge about natural language produced by students of language that is used to increase keberhasilgunaan practical tasks that use language as a core component. The object of study of applied linguistics is not another language, the human language that serves as a communication system that uses speech as a medium; human language daily, a language that is used daily by humans as members of a particular community, or in English is called with an ordinary language or a natural language.For the purposes of language learning, applied linguistics focused on: (1) theoretical grains that have strong validity in linguistics, and (2) a wide range of possibilities and alternatives to guide the implementation of language teaching. Possibilities and alternatives were sought to be consistent and in line with the theoretical point in linguistics. Based on the above, it can be said that applied linguistics is associated with both Indonesian language learning or second language is taught to students.One study applied linguistics is contrastive analysis is very useful for educators in determining what material will be delivered in language learning that is adapted with similarities and differences between the native language of students with second language students will learn. I  the error analysis, easier for students to use second language and to correct any errors that may occur in the use of the second language, so that minimize the occurre nce of errors in language. Analyzing language also helps in determining the method to be used in language learning.

Management Essay

Essay Title: Suggest ways in which managers can choose to manage diversity in the workplace. Illustrate with examples from organisational practice. Gilmore, Williams et al, 2009. Human Resource Management. New York: Oxford University. Summary This book not only describes the knowledge of human resource management (HRM) but also illustrates numerous interesting examples with further discussion, such as discussion questions and case study that link the theories and practices. In chapter 11, it mainly discusses the equality, diversity, and dignity at work with real cases, it also provides the background of diversity and the main pieces of UK equality laws. Authority The book was written by Sarah Gilmore and Steve Williams. They are two principal lecturers at the University of Portsmouth in the UK. Dr. Gilmore’s research interests are HRM, training and development and psychoanalysis. In addition, Dr. Williams co-authored Human Resource Management and other three books. For instance, Contemporary Employment Relations: a Critical Introduction (Oxford University Press, 2nd edition, 2010). Two authors both have academic background and relate in those fields. Currency The book was published in 2009. It is current enough for my research. Accuracy This book includes abundant references, it not only states the knowledge of theoretical side but also provides practical aspects such as the real case of Tesco. On the other hand, this book have many information related the Internet sources that would be lower reliable than other information. Readership Managers would read it because it would help readers to improve the knowledge about this field. Relevance The information about the UK equality law is vital important for my research. It completed my whole picture of essay. Due to, in my research the legislation is a main element to reduce the discriminations in the workplace.

Free Essays on The Culture Of Fear

Barry Glassner’s The Culture of Fear is a critique of pre-nine/eleven American culture. Published in 1999 by Basic Books, The Culture of Fear exposed Americans to their own misplaced fears. This book offers a new perspective of the American media machine and its effective fear mongering techniques. Barry Glassner is Professor of Sociology at the University of Southern California. The Culture of Fear was written over the course of five years and is Glassner’s seventh book. His writings regularly appear newspapers and newsmagazines including the New York Times and the Los Angeles Times. The most impressive feature of this book is its methodical use of statistics and research. Every point Glassner makes is supported by thoroughly researched evidence. Over forty-five pages of footnotes are included in this 210-page book. Glassner use these statistics to systematically disprove the most common misplaced fears. Glassner’s first topic is road-rage. In the late ‘90s the Los Angeles Times, ABC, USA Today, Time, and even Oprah Winfrey ran huge stories depicting the horrors of road-rage. In the Los Angeles Times page one story on road-rage, it was â€Å"Only after wading through twenty two paragraphs of alarming first-person accounts†¦did the reader learn that a grand total of five drivers and passengers had died in road rage incidents in the region over the previous five years† (p. 4). This is the same article that declared, â€Å"Road-rage has become an exploding phenomenon.† Similar instances of overbearing journalists occur in the Political Correctness (or P.C.) wave that swept the American College campuses during the early 1990s. Another example of this is the murder of Anthony Riggs. After just returning to his suburban Detroit apartment from the Gulf war, Army Spec. Anthony Riggs was apparently killed in a car jacking outside his home. Journalists saw a perfect story and Mrs. Toni Riggs was soon seen sobbing on na... Free Essays on The Culture Of Fear Free Essays on The Culture Of Fear Barry Glassner’s The Culture of Fear is a critique of pre-nine/eleven American culture. Published in 1999 by Basic Books, The Culture of Fear exposed Americans to their own misplaced fears. This book offers a new perspective of the American media machine and its effective fear mongering techniques. Barry Glassner is Professor of Sociology at the University of Southern California. The Culture of Fear was written over the course of five years and is Glassner’s seventh book. His writings regularly appear newspapers and newsmagazines including the New York Times and the Los Angeles Times. The most impressive feature of this book is its methodical use of statistics and research. Every point Glassner makes is supported by thoroughly researched evidence. Over forty-five pages of footnotes are included in this 210-page book. Glassner use these statistics to systematically disprove the most common misplaced fears. Glassner’s first topic is road-rage. In the late ‘90s the Los Angeles Times, ABC, USA Today, Time, and even Oprah Winfrey ran huge stories depicting the horrors of road-rage. In the Los Angeles Times page one story on road-rage, it was â€Å"Only after wading through twenty two paragraphs of alarming first-person accounts†¦did the reader learn that a grand total of five drivers and passengers had died in road rage incidents in the region over the previous five years† (p. 4). This is the same article that declared, â€Å"Road-rage has become an exploding phenomenon.† Similar instances of overbearing journalists occur in the Political Correctness (or P.C.) wave that swept the American College campuses during the early 1990s. Another example of this is the murder of Anthony Riggs. After just returning to his suburban Detroit apartment from the Gulf war, Army Spec. Anthony Riggs was apparently killed in a car jacking outside his home. Journalists saw a perfect story and Mrs. Toni Riggs was soon seen sobbing on na...

Free Personal Strengths and Weakness Essay Example

Free Personal Strengths and Weakness Essay Example I believe one of my personal strengths in communication is that I can talk to just about anyone. I enjoy talking with people. In communication, my strength would be that I have the ability to listen as well as respond. I enjoy having conversation with people of different cultures, because it gives me a chance to learn more about their lifestyle. I have learned to communicate well with people, because I am an outgoing person. I communicate better one on one. I have a weakness with communication when it comes to having to speak to a large group of people. I become very nervous, and will sometimes forget what I wanted to say. My weakness in communication is also when I have to speak in front of the class, or in front of a very large group of people I become nervous, because my weakness of thinking that they are more focused on me than on the information that I will be presenting. I work at that weakness by having the personal strength to try to make the presentation enjoyable so that the focus will not be so much on the speaker but the information be presented to the group. I have learned through the years that it is important to stay focused on your strengths and not your weaknesses and to realize that for the most part everybody else is probably just as nervous as I am. I have strength in the fact that I can talk about most subjects very freely. I try to communicate just the point I am trying to make and have the point understandable to those who are listening. Communication for me is easy depending on the topic being discussed. I sometimes have a weakness in the fact that I may be too honest with my answer and do not think before answering. I realize that when you are communicating with people, they really do not want the truth because it hurts and is offensive. I find that it is much easier for me to communicate, when I have knowledge of the conversation being discussed. I am very weak when it comes to starting a conversation and leading the discussion. I will avoid a conversation as much as possible when I have to present the information to be discussed. In communication, I am also weak in the area that I will choose to listen more that participate. I also have a weakness in my non-verbal communication skills. The weakness is that sometimes my body language will give a different answer than what I would have spoken. When I am using non-verbal communication as a point of contact I will point out or agree to something from just listening to the topic being discussed. I focus on my non-verbal communication skills, because I want the non-verbal to be just as understandable as the verbal. My body language must not present a different communication than intended. With non-verbal communication, I try to give more eye contact so that there is no misunderstanding of the communication intended. I find nodding your head helps in non-verbal communication, because a nod can say a lot. In my communication skills, I have learned that if I highlight the strengths. Then the weaknesses would not be so obvious. In having communicated with all different types of people, I once was told that if you stop and think for five seconds before you speak, your communication skills would present themselves in a most intelligent manner. Communication comes somewhat easy for me, because I like to talk, but just talking and not communicating would become a weakness. I try to always have something to communicate to other people that would be beneficial. Whether communicating verbally or non-verbally your actions will for the most part, represent how you are feeling about a particular subject or discussion. When it is possible always, try to communicate verbally and have the person you are communicating with acknowledge that they understand what you are saying. Communication, verbally or non-verbally is a very powerful tool and when you understand your strengths and weaknesses in that area you will be able to communicate much more efficiently with people. When you are communicating, with different types of people you will be able to decide if verbal or non-verbal communication would be the best approach according to their logic and the logic of the situation and surrounding environment. You can order a custom essay, term paper, research paper, thesis or dissertation on Personal Strengths and Weakness topics at our professional custom essay writing service which provides students with custom papers written by highly qualified academic writers. High quality and no plagiarism guarantee! Get professional essay writing help at an affordable cost.

Persnonal development planing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Persnonal development planing - Essay Example This is usually associated with various potential benefits that may arise when students and other stakeholders are exposed to Personal Development Planning. The aspect of developing Personal Development Planning will create the following benefits: The essence of Personal Development Planning among students is ascribed to various benefits, to begin with: It enables students to integrate academic as well as personal development into their specific academic programs thus improving their general academic performance. In addition, Personal Development among students can improve their capacity to monitor and assess their personal progress in regard to various aspects of learning (Smale & Fowlie, 2009). Research has also shown that the application of Personal Development Planning at Institutions of Higher Learning is imperative owing to the fact that it promotes a sense of increased awareness among the students. The awareness occurs in various forms i.e. increased awareness of the specific learning methods that are used within the institutions and the specific goals of these learning strategies (Cottrell, 2003). Personal Development Planning in Institutions of Higher Learning creates a platform for self-assessment among the students, hence increases their capacity to evaluate their weaknesses and strengths. Moreover, it also creates a scenario where the students are in a position to explore various opportunities within the learning curriculum, thus facilitate the aspect of Personal Development Planning within and outside the curriculum (Cottrell, 2003). Research has also indicated that Personal Development Planning among students within institutions of higher learning enables the students to prepare themselves for their future career objectives i.e. to seek employment in their fields of interest or being self-employed within their

British Gas. Proposal for Corporate Social Responsibility Program Research Paper

British Gas. Proposal for Corporate Social Responsibility Program - Research Paper Example Evidently, in the United Kingdom, the extreme weather periods during winter means that temperatures reach freezing levels that are highly unfavorable to the health of local inhabitants. To this end, the local populace has to adopt artificial warming strategies in order to cope with the harsh weather conditions. The heating services are normally offered by local heater service providers at a fee. In this regard, one such company is the British Gas Company located in the Middlesex County in London, United Kingdom. Evidently, the cost of maintaining such heater services normally rise drastically since the hours of heat warming are determined the length of the extremities of the winter period. In this regard, it is critical to point out the disparities in the levels of income that hamper the abilities of the lower income families to maintain their gas payment for the heater services. This most often results to a termination of the heater services and leaves the poor families susceptible to a host of health complications and life threatening situations. To this end, the necessity of a corporate social and responsibility plan is pertinent towards addressing the needs of the low income earners in Middlesex County without affordability to the high gas bills. Evidently, the Corporate Social Responsibility will aspire to achieve three pertinent issues, increase access of to gas provided by British gas; provide assistance in financial resource mobilization for the low income earners so as to increase their purchasing power; to lobby for incentive measures from the gas provider that will ensure access to low cost gas. Financial Issues in the Community The aftershocks of the global financial crisis greatly affected the economies of the European countries and the purchasing power of local households Moon. In this regard, the household incomes of various households across L ondon were negatively affected to the effect that the purchasing power of basic necessities was significantly decreased. The situation has been aggravated further by the rising costs of basic amenities such as food, clothing, and shelter. In addition, other essential commodities such as house heater services during winter climates have become increasingly unaffordable. This has been due to the increase in service charges for gas supply by provider companies such as British gas. To this end, the cheapest gas charges are at least three hundred pounds monthly (Social action plan and household energy efficiency: Ofgem : report 2004). This rate is above the purchasing power of very many low income households. Evidently, One in ten households in London households is unable to afford the high gas charges. To this end, the low income earners are subjected to health related risks arising from the harsh cold winter. These include pneumonia, frost bites, common cold among other. Furthermore, t he poor families are subjected to increased death rates arising from the extreme winter period. Evidently, a raft of measures needs to be introduced so as to increase the purchasing power of the low income earners, provide alternatives that guarantee low cost gas supply, and solicit for contributions that will go towards alleviating the cost of gas supply to the low income earners. Description of the Corporate Social Responsibility Program The precincts of a social responsibility program entails four major components. Foremost, a CSR program requires businesses to carry out their financial duties in a social responsible and ethical manner. Second, it entails ensuring that the safety of people and the environment is protected. Third, it involves ensuring