Marxs Theory of Money and the Theory of Value Essay -- Karl Marx Mone

Marxs Theory of Money and the Theory of priseThe most important point to emerge from Marxs theory of money is the melodic theme that money is a form of value. The difficulty with this idea is that we are more familiar with money itself than with value in other forms. But value does erupt in forms other than money. For example, the balance sheet of a capitalist firm estimates the value of goods in process and of fixed capital which has not yet been depreciated, as well as the value of inventories of finished commodities awaiting sale. Each of these aggregations of commodities has a value, usually expressed as the analogous of a certain amount of money, but it is make pass that neither goods in process nor fixed capital is money. Marx views the value of commodities in this sense as analytically prior to money money can be explained according to Marx only on the basis of an understanding of the value of commodities.Marx follows Smith in regarding value as the property of exchange ability of commodities. In a high society where exchange is common, products come to have a dual character as expend values and as values. They have two powers first, to satisfy particular valet de chambre needs and wants and second, to exchange for other products. This second power can be thought of quantitatively, as an amount of exchangeability or command over other commodities. The classical economists viewed value as a real, though socially determined, entity, with its own laws of conservation and motion. Value in this sense bears the same relation to commodities as mound bears to physical objects.It is not surprising that in societies where exchange is widespread value takes on an independent form as money, as an expression of general exchangeability. Value is a central social reality for people they constantly think and talk about it directly or indirectly they want some air to transfer it directly among themselves, separate from particular commodities. This is, I think, what we mean by money. It is the social expression of value separated from the concrete particularity of any use value.With this emergence of money as the social expression of value, money stands, in opposition to commodities, as the abstract always stands in opposition to the particular. We will encounter value in two forms as particular commodities, and as money. It is crucial to recognize that this development is latent... ...ever, for the theory that currency is nothing more than the representative of a certain quantity of gold. There were always some limits within which the dollar or the pound could fluctuate in value relative to gold. What laws governed these movements? The general equivalent theory in the form Marx presents it does not explicitly answer this question.A second group of questions which troubled early- nineteenth- century monetary theorists concerns the laws which govern the depreciation, usually in times of war. of inconvertible wallpaper money issued by th e state. Examples of this phenomenon Include the depreciations of the greenback dollar in the United States during the Civil War, and of the paper pound issued by the British during the Napoleonic wars. Ricardo and later quantity theorists used this phenomenon of depreciation as a strong argument for their thesis that the value of money depends on its quantity. For these writers the depreciation of paper money was just a particular example of the tendency for any form of money to depreciate when its quantity becomes larger relative to the needs of circulation.Marxs raillery of this question is very clear and convincing.

The Godfather :: Film Review,Coppola, The Gangsters

Francis Ford Coppolas The Godfather (1972) is among the best films ever produced. Consistently ranked as one of the bakshish trey films by the American Film institute, this mobster film sits among the likes of Citizen Kane (1941), Lawrence of Arabia (1962), and the more recent Schindlers List (1993) (American). When it was released, The Godfather was nominated for ten Academy Awards, and won three Best Picture, Best Actor (Marlon Brando), and Best Adapted Screenplay. The film was adapted from the best-selling novel, with the same name, by Mario Puzo (Mast & Kawin, 332). The film takes place in a ten-year brush between 1945 and 1955. It follows the Sicilian family headed by Vito Corleone who is played by Marlon Brando Corleone is also the godfather or head of the Corleone Crime Family. Coppolas film is not the first big suppress version of a gangster film Scarface (1933), The Public Enemy (1931), and Little Caesar (1931) are all pre-production code gangster films, but American Mov ie Classics Tim Dirks believes The Godfather reinvented the gangster genre (Dirks). Still, The Godfathers has many similarities to pre-production code gangster films especially with its use of violence, and its portrayal of corruption of both the gangsters and the good guys.The gangster films of the 30s and 40s had all but disappeared until The Godfather revive the genre. These films were not new to Hollywood The Public Enemy (1931), Little Caesar (1930), and Scarface (1932), but the production code put an end to the style of the early gangster classics. twain production code principles for films made during its time, 1934-1967, were that No picture should lower the moral standards of those who see itthe audience should never be thrown to the side of crime, wrongdoing, evil or sin and law must not be belittled, ridiculed, nor must a sentiment be created against it (The Production code). These principles along with the film noir era essentially ended the mood gangster films were made. Following the enforcement of the code, the focus shifted from the gangsters to the good guys (Dirks). David Stirritt, film critic for the Christian Science Monitor, says Coppolas film revived the gangster genre (Dirks). This revival helped former(a) gangster films to make it to the big screen Martin Scorseses Goodfellas (1991) and Casino (1995), and Mike Newells Donnie Brasco (1997). The similarities between The Godfather and early gangster films are evident when they are compared.

Overcoming Racial Discrimination in the Heat of the Night :: Film Movie Movies

done the film In the Heat of the Night racial tensions are high, but one character, the Chief of Police, Gillespie overcomes racial discrimination to solve a murder. The attitudes that he portrays in the film help us understand the challenges in changing attitudes of Southern white town towards the African Americans living there.As the film progresses, Gillespie moves from a desire to maintain peace to a realization that umpire is better than peace. This is evident through two separate occasions during the film. The first issuance was when Virgil Tibbs was arrested solely based on the fact that he was black. After peeping Virgil they found over $100 in his wallet. The second event was when the Chief arrested the suspect who stole the dead mans wallet. Since the man had his wallet, Gillespie laid the murder charge on him without further investigation. Through Virgil and the course of the film, Gillespie realizes that there is more to being a police chief than maintaining civil or der.As the plot deepens, the Chief risks his neck several(prenominal) times to maintain a good relationship with Virgil. Through these events I feel that the Chief has overcome his racism, and can become friends with an African American. One event that proves this was when the four hoodlums were about to attack Virgil when Gillespie came to the rescue. The boys called the Chief a nigger-lover, which he just absorbed and didnt let it get to him. In my opinion, if this same event happened a week earlier before Virgil came into the picture, Gillespie probably wouldve snapped and either arrested the boys or give them a good lashing. Another event that backs this point is when the Chief invites Virgil over to his place. right away normally this wouldnt have been a big deal, but since Virgil was a Negro, it was a big deal. Through these events, I feel that Chief Gillespie overcame his racist ways.Through time, Chief Gillespie starts to realize that Virgil is his equal, and he learns that he can have a relationship with a black man as his equal. During the autopsy, Virgil starts to display knowledge of rhetorical science superior to anyone on the police force. While this is going on, Gillespie realizes that Virgil may have superior knowledge than himself. This is when the chief starts to view Mr. Tibbs as his equal. Later on in the film, the chief allows Virgil to remain in his office while the pregnant girl was telling Gillespie how Sam Carr supposedly impregnated her.

The Dilemma of Macular Degeneration Essay -- Vision Sight Disorders Es

The Dilemma of Macular Degeneration According to Baily and Hall, while visual impairment early in life is associated with contractable congenital disorders, abnormal fetal devepment, and problems associated with premature birth, most eye conditions are associated with aging. They claim that over 70% of the visually impaired population in the unify States is over 65. Age related maculopathy, also called macular decadence, or AMD, impairs the center of vision in older individuals. The macula is the region in the back of the retina that surrounds and includes the fovea (Goldstein 1999). It is classic to understand that when this degeneration progresses enough, the condition constitutes blindness because the foveal area is what is used to focus on something. Most cases do not progress this far, but between cardinal and 20% do. Allikments and Shroyer claim that 11 million people in the United States alone suffer some degree of this impairment, with 75% of those individuals being 75 o r older. Seven percent of this older years group reportedly suffer advanced forms. Freidman reports the disease as most common in developed countries.The exalted percentages of individuals who endure this impairment justifies and practically demands future research because the causes are not fully understood. The need for future research can be better emphatic if those with normal vision try to empathize with victims of macular degeneration. One can only imagine how frustrating it must be to receive sensatrions only in the bang of the retina. Because the macula encompassed the cone rich fovea, which is used to focus on objects, the fovea degenerates as well. This occurence inables individuals to interpret the sensations they experience. Reading, ... ... 385-389.Guyer, David R., (1997). Interferon alpha 2a is ineffective for patients with choroidal neovascularization secondary to age related macular degeneration results of a prospective randomized placebo-controlledclinical tria l. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 278(18), 1470.Hunter, M., (1997). Blocking blindness. McLeans, 110 (21), 62. Langer, Stephen, (1996). Set your sights on better nutrition. Better Nutrition, 58 (4), 58.Ruckmann, Adrea von, Fitzke, Fredrick W., & Bird, Alan C., (1997). Fundus autofluorescence in age related macular disease imaged with a laser scanning opthalmoscope. Investigative Opthamology and Visual Science, 38 (2), 478-485.Spraul, Christoph W., Lang, Gabriel E., Grossniklaus, Hans E., & Lang, Gerhard D., (1998). Choroidal blood flow in AMD. Investigative Opthamology and Visual Science, 39 (11), 2201.

Corporal Punishment :: essays research papers

Corporal PunishmentPeople a few years ago,thought of the only way to punish soulfulness who did asinister deed was to use corporal punishment.This is meant to enforce anguish tosomeone who has done wrong by hitting them,beating them,strapping them or even nippy them.These are only a few examples of corporal punishment.Why do we have corporal punishment,How do we benefit from it and how do weabuse it?.The most limpid reason for corporal punishment is to castigate one fordoing wrong by means of strong-arm abuse expecting the individual to learn fromhis or her mistake.But we must need ourselves this question.Is the personbenefiting from this or is he or she not only being physically abused butmentally.In some cases corporal punishment psychologically cause ones mind ona long term bases that will stain their memory for a very long period of time.In other cases physical punishment scars and stains the body changing itsphysical appearance but only on a small scale.Corporal punishment is in like manner usedbecause it is quick and in most cases effective.The mental condition of theperson being affected may worsen not only moderateing to utter madness but mayalso result in lack of moral strength.Most people nowadays feel that corporalpunishment is not the best answer to enforce restrictions in social club as theyfeel,that pain is not the best solution.Although Corporal punishment has its disadvantages it can also make peopleaware of the fact that wrong doing results in pain and agony.As more people knowthe effect of misbehaving,the fewer the mistakes there would be.Michael Fae forexample, used a paint canister to spray paint on cars for fun.The result forthis action was to be strapped four times on the back.Now he realizes what hehas to face if he were to do it again.In the past,corporal punishment was used very practically especially inschools.Now corporal punishment is banned from most of the schools around theworld because a lot of the people who administer it abuse it.

Corporal Punishment :: essays research papers

Corporal PunishmentPeople a few years ago,thought of the only way to punish someone who did asinister rubric was to use incorporated penalization.This is meant to enforce pain tosomeone who has done wrong by hitting them,beating them,strapping them or evenwhipping them.These are only a few examples of corporal punishment.Why do we have corporal punishment,How do we benefit from it and how do weabuse it?.The most obvious reason for corporal punishment is to castigate one fordoing wrong by means of physical abuse expecting the individual to learn fromhis or her mistake.But we must ask ourselves this question.Is the personbenefiting from this or is he or she non only being physically abused butmentally.In some cases corporal punishment psychologically effects ones mind ona long term bases that will stain their memory for a very long period of time.In other cases physical punishment scars and stains the body changing itsphysical appearance but only on a small scale.Corporal punishm ent is also usedbecause it is quick and in most cases effective.The mental dispose of theperson being affected may worsen not only resulting to utter madness but mayalso result in insufficiency of moral strength.Most people nowadays feel that corporalpunishment is not the best answer to enforce restrictions in society as theyfeel,that pain is not the best solution.Although Corporal punishment has its disadvantages it can also make peopleaware of the fact that wrong doing results in pain and agony.As more people retirethe effect of misbehaving,the fewer the mistakes there would be.Michael Fae forexample, used a paint canister to spray paint on cars for fun.The result forthis action was to be strapped foursome times on the back.Now he realizes what hehas to face if he were to do it again.In the past,corporal punishment was used very often especially inschools.Now corporal punishment is banned from most of the schools around theworld because a lot of the people who administer it ab use it.

Determination Of Water Crystalization Essay

I. Aim To determine the formula of the hydrate of copper (II) sulfate.II. HypothesisHydrates ar ionic compounds that have a definite add up of water as part of their structure. The water is chemically combined with the salt in a definite ratio. Ratios vary in different hydrates but are specific for any given hydrate.In this experiment, the hydrate of copper sulfate has the formula CuSO4.xH20. When it is heated, the water is released as vapor and we can describe the reaction as belowHydrate Anhydrous salt + SaltCuSO4.xH20 CuSO4 + xH20The amount of water in the hydrate is determined by taking the difference between the atomic reactor of the hydrate before and after heated. Then, the percentage composition of water can be calculated basing on its mass. According to usual theory, hydrated copper sulfate has the following formula CuSO4.5H2O. Therefore, the result collected from the experiment should be x = 5.III. Equipment/Chemical1. Equipment* 1 x Evaporating supply* 1 x Pipe-clay tr iplicity* Some crucible tongs* 1 x Pressed fiber pad* 1 x Digital balance (uncertainty 0.001g)* 1 x Spatula* 1 x Glass stirring rod* 1 x Bunsen burner* 1 x Tripod stand2. Chemical Hydrated copper (II) sulfateIV. Variables* indie the mass of hydrated salt.* Dependent the percentage composition of water in the hydrate.* Control room temperature, capacity of fire gas, standard equipment.V. Method1. Clean and ironic evaporating peach tree.2. Set up a Bunsen burner under a tripod stand with a pipe-clay triangle on top.3. Place the empty evaporating dish on the clay triangle and heat the dish with the hottest flame for 3 minutes. This is done to be sure that the dish is absolutely dry.4. Use tongs to remove the dish from the clay triangle and then place it on a pressed fiber pad so that it can cool for several minutes.5. Use a digital balance to determine the mass of the cooled evaporating dish. embark this mass to the kindred number of decimal places as the uncertainty of the balanc e (0.001g), in other words, the mensural mass will have 3 decimal places. Remember not to weigh the dish when it is hot because heat waves tend to be circular and upward, which tends to show objects appear to weigh less.6. With the dish on the balance, put into it a specific amount of hydrated copper sulfate make sure that the amount of hydrated copper sulfate is less than half full of the dish. Be sure the spatula is very clean to avoid contamination. Record the mass of the dish with the hydrate to the same number of decimal places as the uncertainty of the balance.7. Place the dish on the clay triangle. Gently heat the dish by moving the burner bark and frontward around the base. Increase the heat gradually. Avoid any popping and spattering.8. Heat strongly for 5 minutes or until all of the blue color has disappeared. During the heating, a glass stirring rod should be used to spread the solid and break up larger portions of the hydrate. Be sure not to pick up any of the solid o n the stirring rod. If the edges of the solid appear to be turning brown, remove the heat momentarily and resume heating with a cooler flame.9. Allow the dish to cool for 2 minutes. Immediately find the mass of the dish with the anhydrous salt, and record the mass to the same number of decimal places as the uncertainty of the balance. The dish must be weighed before the compound reabsorbs water from the atmosphere.10. Calculate the initial amount of hydrated copper sulfate before heated. Record the answer to the same number of decimal places as its calculated uncertainty.11. Determine the amount of vaporized water. Record the answer to the same number of decimal places as its calculated uncertainty.12. Then, the value of x can be found basing on the formula ratio.13. When finish, the anhydrous salt can be thrown into the waste container and the evaporating dish washed.

Classroom Observation Analysis Paper

The observation was in Mrs. Ayo a second grade teacher, in addition to Mr. Wrays 5th grade classroom. Both classes be giving at Kinser elementary School , Both classroom actually work together in a group Reading Buddies. Which educational theories were employed? The educational theories that were organism employed in her classroom atomic number 18 the amicable Learning Theory by Bandura and Behaviorism Theory by Watson. Behaviorism is the beliefs that behaviors can be measured, trained, and changed (Educational Theories, walk 19, 2012). The Social Learning Theory is when an observers behavior changes after viewing a behavioral model (Educational Theories, March 19, 2012). The teacher apply mould with her Reading Mastery computer syllabusme. The schoolchilds were unavoidable to be paying attention before the lesson started. The teacher cued the students to find the title in the story and examine the title together. nonpareil student did not read the title correctly, so th e teacher said my turn and read the title correctly and then she said your turn and the students read the title again. Throughout the lesson, the teacher would praise students at different times.The assessments for the teacher with the lesson were questions asked to the student in the lesson, also the independent sections on the student worksheets. What educational theories could pee-pee been physical exertiond to break enhance the instruction and learning? An educational theory that could expect been used is Constructivism. Constructivism is that learning is meaning, it is reflecting on experiences (Educational Theories, March 19, 2012). Mrs. Mullins could have enhanced lesson to check real life connections to the students to make it meaningful for them. She could have had students predict what was going to happen next in the story.How practical is the application of education theories in the classroom? It is very practical to apply educational theories in the classroom like Constructivism, Behaviorism, and the Social Learning Theory. A teacher can use a conspiracy of educational theories in a classroom. The teacher can build upon the students experience and emphasize problem solving and the teacher can also use the Social Learning theory with Modeling. The teacher can model the behavior to the student and use positive and negative reinforcements with Behaviorism. One can also use Gardners Multiple Intelligence in the classroom too.Gardners theory has eight domains of intelligence (Linguistic, Logical, Spatial, Bodily Kinesthetic, Musical, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, and Naturalistic) according to Bee and Boyd, 2010. The different types of intelligence can be used in daily lessons throughout the day. How does the theory of schooling bear upon apply to student learning? Information processing has two areas innate great power and acquired knowledge (Bee & Boyd, 2010). A lower IQ can compensate for acquired knowledge. People with higher IQs will pe rform better than a person with a lower IQ.This also applies to student learning. Children with a lower IQ need raiseive strategies for processing information. These students have to acquire a vast amount of information on any subject before they can perform as well as their peers with higher IQs. How does the classroom environment affect information processing and learning for adolescents? Information processing theory explains that, children are born with some basic, inborn cognitive strategies that will change from earlier years of life to more than complex ones and the old ones being used with more flexibility (Bee & Boyd, 2010, p. 197).As the information processing theory is explained in the text as an adolescent plays chess, the better they will become as seeing and remembering the relationships among the pieces on the board. In the classroom, it should foster an environment that allows the development of the complex cognitive strategies. There needs to be repetitive tasks that are geared towards building cognitive strategies, such as sight speech. It can be studied by writing it, reading it, putt the raillery into a sentence, drawing a picture of it, and defining it. The repetitiveness of the activities can develop cognitive development.Compare adolescent student learning in a social environment and an educational environment. Which is more conducive to attention and memory? In a social situation there are usually more than one stimuli competing for the attention of the individual whereas in a classroom attention is more directed to one stimulus (the teacher). This would seem to dictate that educational environments are more conducive to attention than social situations. Memory refers to the processes that are used to acquire, store, retain, and later retrieve information. The three major processes involved in memory are encoding, storage, and retrieval.This does pertain to adolescent learning, it is important for new information to be connected to existing information. It is noted that rote memorization is not as effective as learning information through sayings or through stories. Learning through sayings and stories involve connecting the new information to existing information. Social situations would seem to have an fastness hand, since social environments provides a context for learning that builds upon the pre-existing peer relationships and experiences. Some of these are present in the classroom, with the teacher and student, but it is not as ample as the social environment.What teacher behaviors did you observe that facilitated student comprehension and reasoning? An activity that I believe facilitated student reasoning was when Mrs. Mullins would ask the students scripted questions from the curriculum program. This allows the teacher to know if the student understands the material that was just read. Also the student had to answer questions from their textbook and an independent worksheet to reinforce the comprehe nsion. The students were required to answer the questions in completed sentences and circle the correct multiple choice answer.Why did the teacher behaviors positively affect students thinking and abilities? Both the activities required the students to think. The students are required to use different strategies to get their answers for the questions. I observed multiple strategies from the students. In this class, students were asked questions and sometimes the teacher would ask anformer(a) question after the other question. Which teachers behaviors impeded student comprehension and reasoning? The teacher also gave a Spelling test at the beginning of the Reading lesson. The test may be the least fat activity of the lesson.The test was based on rote memorization of learning the word. The student was required to hear the word, then in a sentence, and then they were required to write the word on a piece of paper. Some children do not learn this way. Students all learn differently so me learn auditory, other learn visually, and lastly kinetically. There were a few students having difficultly writing down the spelling word because they could not remember the audible earns to match it to the pen word. Why did the teachers behaviors negatively affect students thinking abilities?The students wanted to get a 100% on their spelling test to be able to get a prize out of the prize box. This auditory/visual deficiency also speaks to the inverted-U relationship between stimulation and performance. As stimulation increases (social ram, teacher pressure, and peer pressure to make a good grade on the test), so performance on the test increases however, there is a cutoff beyond which simulation begins to effect performance negatively. The students were motivated to get a 100% on their spelling test, because their teacher added increase pressure by adding a reward to the performance on the test.This affected the grades on their spelling test making the students to perform n egatively, since the stimulation was too much for these students. How does delayed speech communication development affect teaching? retard language development seems to be the result of a defect in the fast mapping processes and poor receptive language (Bee & Boyd, 2010). Fast mapping refers to the ability to categorically link new words to real world references (Bee & Boyd, 2010, p. 209). In cognitive development, there are biological and environmental factors to language assimilation, acquisition, and recitation.The average mental lexicon of a 2 year old is about 600 words, but it can be adequately be determined by the IQ scores of the parents however, the language acquisition can increase if the child is read to by their parents daily. This means reading will compensate for any biologically or environmentally caused deficits in the language development. These deficits in the language development can be through the use of a phonic cost that will translate to a particular pro position letters into sounds and vice versa. Children who are poor language learners will have a problem with letter-sound recognition and combinations.This approach will overcome the obstacle. Lastly, the reading program is important it should be flexible and responsive to students language needs. If the phonic approach is not working, then a reading comprehension approach should be tried. Being able to learn the words as a part of a sentence approach would be better. How does language development affect learning in children and adolescents? A systematic and explicit phonics approach to a language arts program states that lessons should move from simple words to complex words in an explicit manner that emphasizes the letter sound correspondence (Bee & Boyd, 2010).The whole language approach seeks to teach language through meaning and context of the word rather than the actual structure of the word. This approach doesnt explicitly teach letter sound correspondence unless the student has question about how the sound of the letter makes. The last approach is a balanced approach that is a systematic and explicit phonic and whole language approach. Language development can have a large impact on reading comprehension. Reading comprehension helps with the writing abilities of the student.

The Beaux-Arts Style

The beaux-arts ardour of architecture dominate the architecture of public buildings from 1890 to 1920 because the style was first popularized during the well tended to(p) Columbian Exposition of 1893. This style was to be emulated by many entities far and wide. The term Beaux Arts refers to the com/music-appreciation-final/the Statesn Renaissance period from about 1890 to 1920 and encompasses the French Renaissance, the Italian Renaissance, and the neoclassic Revivals.In addition, most of the leading the Statesn architects of that period had been academically trained many of whom had trained at Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris.These facts, together with the fact that America was emerging as a dynamic industrially forefingerful nation and was becoming a world power at the same time, were proof that America had arrived. Added together, these facts pushed the citizens of the nation to desire architectural proofs of their aspirations and desire to prove to the word that America was a cu ltural and political equal to any nation in the world. The Beaux-Arts style is extravagant reflecting the attitude and taste of the industrial barons of this pre-tax era. Their homes were flamboyant and theatrical reflecting a desire to flaunt their wealth.The Beaux-Arts style fits this desire precisely. These industrialists gave commissions to these architects to build their sumptuous residencies in modern neighborhoods and exclusive summer enclaves. These grand houses reflected the desire for conspicuous consumption. This spirit of grandeur prompted many cities to erect grand public buildings as well. Every city aspired to outstrip its neighbor. The American dream was to emulate the lead of the industrialists and proclaim their wealth and solidity. Public libraries, train stations, town halls, courthouses, office buildings, even prisons manifested this grandeur.Because this style is classical in temper but grand in scale, the buildings are more extravagant. This style is theat rical. Elaborate moldings, pilasters, wreaths, garlands, festoons, dentils, cartouches and figure sculpture all are a part of this style. This proclaims to the world power and wealth. Exactly what the era was about. This reflected what the nations psyche was about during this period. Bold, new, powerful, and wealthy. This nation was finally a force to be reckoned with. No longer a colonial appendage, but a country equal to any and all.

The Advertising Industry Has Three Major Sectors

Advertising Advertising, generally speaking, is the promotion of goods, services, companies and ideas, usually performed by an identified sponsor. Marketers resonate advertising as part of an overall promotional strategy. Other components of the promotional mix include publicity, public relations, personal selling, and sales promotion. Advertising involves the process where in a massage is designed so as to promote a product, a thought, an idea or even a service.The concept of advertising has sour a dynamic form with the use of the various sensitives of communication. From the newspaper, magazines, posters, neon and fluorescent signboards, billboards to the commercial on TV, laser shows to inflated high-rise figures and objects, advertising has come a long way. The work is formidable as it spearheads a process intended to attract, modify, change and influences public opinion. From the local business to multinational firm and all requisite to advertise.While politicians, social or ganizations, government special groups need to advertise their motto, national airlines, auto mobile manufactures, food and consumer goods manufacturers have to reach the consumer. Specialist products and services are often advertised through trade magazines and exhibitions. Lately mail-shots, handbill circulation, special offers have become very popular. There are still other ways of advertising. There are window displays, display on telephone directories, transit sign on buses, lamp posters, banners, etc.Advertising through the electronic media has been perhaps the around popular medium. Advertising, as an effective medium, uses a variety of techniques to create effective advertisements. A basic appeal is at the heart of advertising. Slogans and product characters are created to overtake the attention of the viewers. Most winning advertisements would encompass factual information with emotional appeal. The advertising industry has three major sectors. Business or organization which wishes to advertise, Media which provides the medium for advertising and Ad-agency which creates the ad to suit the need of the firm. Ad agencies vary in the size and turnover. Nevertheless the process of creating an ad remains the same. The annual expenditure on the advertising has been to the tune of Rs 8000 crores and the figure could be higher. USA has projected media spending on advertising on the net to approximately $7700 by the turn of the century. The reaching for advertising professionals certainly shows an upward trend.

Paulo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed: Book Summary Essay

Throughout the second half of this course, we postulate check many books that highlight and talk to the highest degree heaviness. Each of these books and film shows different types of oppression as well as different outcomes for the oppression. Some of these books and films show that forgiving your oppressor, can be very(prenominal) beneficial and empowering for the suppress. These stories have been eye-opening to things that I have non read nearly and shown me circulates of different points of view. There are theories that talk almost oppression and how it impacts both the oppressor and the oppressed.In the book The Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Paulo Freire dialog about how he saw oppression in two stages. He talks about the first stage as the oppressed unveil the world of oppression and with the praxis commit themselves to its transformation (p. 54). After this transformation, Freire describes the second stage as for how people engage and commit to the expulsion of the m yths created and developed in the old purchase order (p. 55). Both of these stages are important to Freires theory because later he talks about how both the oppressor as well as the oppressed have a consciousness about both of their roles in oppression. Both groups can see how they fit into the world and how they are looked at by the world as well. They both also see how they non only look at themselves but how they look back at the world. Behaviors like fear, beliefs, and ethics play a huge parcel in this theory because these behaviors drive the oppressed and the oppressors to look at the world in the way they do.Freire first talks about what he refers to as the oppressor consciousness and how they are usually have born privilege. This consciousness of this oppression is talked about as the craving of wanting to be in incorporate of things like other people. In this article, I read about this book it talked about the necessity of conquest and in that location is a part that st ates,The oppressor consciousness, Freire pointed out, equates its macrocosm with having and being in the class of the haves. It craves to possess and dominate things, people indeed, the entire world. And in this unrestrained voracity to have more, it devastations us reducing life plants, animals and even man to objects that exist for his profit and plunder.(Freire,2000) This quote reminded me a lot of the book and how Freire talks about the oppressor consciousness. Relating to that quote Freire talks about how the oppression then talks about how they want to keep those who are oppression isolated from everything else. Then Freire talks about the oppressors manipulating the oppressed to keep their upper hand to maintain control. unitary other thing that Freire mentions in this book is the cultural invasion and how oppressors convince the oppressed that they have automatic inferiority. Freire then goes on to talk about the oppressed consciousness and how the oppressed are ju st as aware as the oppressors. Freire talks about how the oppressed seem to fear freedom because they do not know what it would be like for them when their un divergeable reality became changeable.This book really related to the El Che which we discussed earlier in the course and this book had a lot of similarities to Freire and El Ches way of thinking about oppression. They both wanted to booking oppression but did it in a different way. Freire is a instructor and he feels his part in education is a progressive bingle. Freire sees a diminishing lower class being kept around an oppressive and interior class just intrigued by keeping their power. Freire sees this oppression as wrong and he needs to take care of. His way of standing up for what he believes in a positive manner is through his knowledge and education and not by reverting to physical violence. He expresses, any situation in which some men prevent others from engaging in the process of inquiry is one of violenceto al ienate humans from their own decision making is to change them into objects. Freire states that oppression is deep to the point that the lower class isnt being recognized as human.In the film, Long shadows Journey into Day, mothers of sons that were killed by police violence come together to discuss their journey and how they were dealing with oppression. This film was a documentary about seven young men and they had been clique up, betrayed and killed by police in Africa. The mothers of these young men who had been wrongfully killed were given the opportunity to meet with Thapelo Mbelo, who was one of the officers that murdered their sons. These mothers sit down and talk about experiences with this oppression and how they dealt with the final stages of their children. This film also had a connection to the last book The Pedagogy of the Oppressed because it talked about the theory of the oppressor consciousness. The officer Mbelo talks about when he conjecture one of the young m en and he says that he saw the young mans hand in the air, but digging him anyway. This connected to Freier talking about how the oppressor used the excuse of automatic inferiority to use force unnecessarily.One of the mothers spoke about the young man who was shot in the head despite his blatant surrendering. She asks Mbelo many oral sexs with respect to how he feels about the impacts of his action, including seeing himself on video and the compromising his ethics for payment. Mbelo claims that he was not given a choice and was told to make the decisions he made because he was being closely watched by white people that he answered to. After that the spare-time activity mother talks about how their sons were human and should have been protected by police regardless of what they looked like. The police officers were accomplishing something ghastly which would soon place them in a bad position, yet Mbelo took after their conduct at any means possible. She keeps on getting some info rmation about how his conscious as she asks him question after question. Genuinely and profoundly offended, she describes how her child was dragged with a rope when police were clearing the bodies. She approaches him questions that challenge who now will pay for her grandchildren to go to school, or who submit for his family. The third mother starts by expressing to Mbelo that his face is one that she will always remember, and that she will never cin one casede him for what he did. She speaks of how while her son was always running(a) for freedom, Mbelo worked for the Boers. It was then that the second mother interrupts and added in that after many times of saying Melos first crap in plague, this time saying his name, she remembers that, his name Thapelo, signifies forgiveness. This rouses her Christian religion to help her achieve forgiveness for Mbelo. She expresses that her child is now dead and that on that point is nothing anyone especially Mbelo, can do to rent him back . This mother then states that at the point when Jesus was on the cross, he advised his follower to pardon the individuals who had committed sin. She says that she found it within herself and her religion to forgive him since she needs to dispose of this weight she was conveying inside, and that it is Gods will and testament which matters solely when judgement day comes. She then concludes her doing in the conversation by wishing Mbelo well and she forgave him for his wrongdoings.In the book, A Human creation Died That Night Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela discusses her records and meetings with state-ordered mass killer Eugene De Kock. The book also incorporates stories and meetings from criminals and victims on the two sides of the racial gap. Pumla Gobodo-Madikizela is godlike to visit Eugene De Kock in jail where he is serving 212 years for his crimes after she goes to a PRC trial that really sticks with her. Pumla explains De Kocks crimes as crimes against humankind and humility and after she meets with him that she starts to think about the meaning of being a human. Pumla starts to express her deeply rooted compassion for the individuals who fell into the brutality of the apartheid government.There is a part in the book when Pumla states that, nothing can ever reverse injustices committed against others. But an apology pronounced in the context of horrible acts has the potential for transformation. It clears or settles the air in order to begin reconstructing the broken connections between two human beings.. Pumla talks about how when through the PRC apology and forgiveness happened that there became more conversations between the people who generally would have still been filled and consumed by hate. Forgiveness is a huge part of A Human Being Died That Night as well as in the nation of South Africa all in all. The Peace and Reconciliation commission give individuals on the two sides of the racial violence the break to stand up and assume liability for wha t they have done. In doing as such it offers closure to the individuals who were influenced by the violence and gives them the chance to comprehend and forgive. Pumla is an individual from the Human Rights Violations Committee which is a piece of the Peace and Reconciliation Commission. She has a great understanding of the concept of forgiveness as a great and effective power and the way for individuals to push ahead from extraordinary injustices and human catastrophe.While reading this A Human Died That Night, there was talk and themes about the topic of evil and how there were many meanings and interpretations of the word. Evil is accomplishing something that is significantly unethical. In various societies, beliefs, and cultures it can be interpreted in various ways. In Christianity, there is a strict line contrive between what is life-threatening and what is evil. In different religions, a particular thing can be good to one individual and bad to another, it just depends upon how it is seen. Essentially, nothing is good or evil it just is. In A Human Being Died That Night and Long Nights Journey into Day evil can be found with regards to prejudice and how most people are able to concur that racism is evil. Harboring hatred towards somebody because of something they cant control or change isnt right. The obvious replyion to evil is to get irate and have the need to fight back against the individual or group that conferred the evil act however that will not take care of the issue. It is still unknown as to how to react to evil on the grounds that it appears like regardless of how one reacts it will proceed until the point when the culprit acknowledges what they are doing isnt right. This backpedals to the possibility that individuals see good and evil in various ways. The best way to truly stop evil is to teach the individual or group and challenge them to look the outcomes of their actions and how it impacts others. It is reasonable to forgive evil on the grounds that in the event that you dont you will never find a sense of contentment or peace. It is an important thing so you can move on with your life.The film Korengal is about the journey of men who are American soldiers and the journey of their deployment through the death valleys. This film describes through the perspective of the soldiers their emotions and experiences throughout their military experience. In this film, the soldiers were sent to help the oppressed get out of their horrible situation. There was a very faint sense of oppression throughout the whole film.Oppression throughout all of these films and book was very predominant but was more predominant in certain stories. A Human Being Died That Night and Long Nights Journey into Day let us see that forgiving person who has harmed us or somebody we are close to or that is important to us can influence us to feel powerless and anxious. To forgive that person, you draw on your inward qualities. In Long Nights Journ ey into Day the moms draw upon their profound love for their children keeping in mind the end goal to forgive the man who killed them. I think they additionally understand that the loathe or hate they have clutched for such a large get of years does not help them and they have the need to accomplish something so they can find a sense of contentment or peace once more. A comparable thing happens in A Human Being Died That Night. Throughout all of these books and films, there have been great lessons on way oppression happens and some of the ways that we can change within ourselves and our communities.

Gambling casino Essay

Companies in the turn exertion include those that offer looseness or gaming activities. These may be casinos, casino resorts and hotels, betting and lottery companies. Though legally restricted by many governments all over the world, caper industries are a major pass water-go of revenue to the government. The gambling industry has also helped in eradicating unemployment as it has created overbold business organisation opportunities and often with higher wages. Major gambling companies in this industry globally are MGM Resorts, William Hill, Caesars Entertainment and Las Vegas Sands among otherwises.The gambling industry is angiotensin-converting enzyme of the most competitive and risky industries all over the globe. The demand for gambling is influenced by consumer income egress and state spending (Hoovers, n. d). Effective operations and grocerying strategies of individual companies in this industry determines the profit rates and levels of the companies. Large gamblin g operators in this industry crowd out be able to lay down large investments in gambling facilities and efficient computer operations, and are also exposed to cross-marketing opportunities (Hoovers, n. d).Small gambling operators, on the other hand, are not well exposed like the large gambling operators. They operate in their local areas and centers where the locals may not afford travel to major gambling facilities. SWOT Analysis Strengths The gambling industry has distribution and sales network that enable them to reach e realbody. These networks allow the firms to distribute their products and services effectively. The management in the gambling industry is growing as the employees are receiving training. Lower be in products lead to higher scratch to the gambling industry.Technology acts in raise of the gambling industry as they enable them meet the needs of their customers (Jueves, 2013). THE GAMBLING labor 3 Unique products of the gambling industries enable them to diffe rentiate themselves for their competitors. High tax revenue and fee to start gambling companies enables the strong to survive in this industry and kills unnecessary competitor. Bigger companies tend to have more resources than their minorities making them to pursue sore markets and secure themselves against rivals. Weakness The industry is marked by inefficiencies in work as the goods and services are not being utilized properly.Online presence by these companies is important dis exemplifying their information and products to customers. Most of the gambling companies are not present online and those that are present do not have proper websites. Supply duress that are weak tend to delay arrival of consumers products in gambling spots. Opportunities The gambling companies can take a step and manipulate the online market where most of the customer base is found nowadays. This enables the companies to expand. New products and services can enable the companies to increase their cust omer base. gambol companies can tap the untouched markets ready(prenominal) in other countries that do not have or have fewer gambling facilities. Threats A strike by workers and the governments requirements of the industrys participants to increase the income of their employees tends to act as a threat to the industry. Increased income leads to reduced profits by the firms. Government regulations against the industry is also a crowing threat to the companies. Rising companies within the industry act as threat as they pose stiff competition. A shift of customers taste from one smart set to another lead to losses.THE GAMBLING INDUSTRY 4 STRENGTHS WEAKNESSES?Distribution and sales network that exist. ?Potential strong management. ?Monetary assistance is guaranteed. ?Cost advantages. ?Technology. ?Unique products. ?Barriers to unveiling of market. ?Domestic market. ?Size advantages. ?Work inefficiencies. ?Online presence ?Supply chains that are weak ?Lack of scale as cost per unit of output is instead high. ?Structure of cost that are high compared to competitors. OPPORTUNITIES THREATS ?Online market. ?New products ?New services ?Increasing income levels ?International expansion. ?Venture capital ?Increment in labor costs ?Currency tends to make gambling investment complicated. ?Regulations from the government ?Fast rising competition and lower profitability. ?Tax charges. ?Business risks from external environment. Every customer and thickening that goes to gambling spots or facilities always looks to have an exceptional experience. An experience that keeps them coming to this facilities even if they will always leave with little money than they came in with. This therefore calls for good customer service and innovativeness in the way the customers are treated.Change in the gambling industry is difficult. Customers do not want to play new games or gamble on new things that they have no knowledge of. This aspect is the same to everybody as no person is open to veer unless it is a major or there is some good reason to change (Baird, 2002). Due to this, when managers in gambling facilities try to develop a new customer service culture among employees, it fails or does not happen quickly.Change in gambling facilities takes THE GAMBLING INDUSTRY 5 a high repetition level and people need to be interested in it. Therefore for customers to adapt to new changes and like them, the gambling facilities owners should make the change to be very interesting to both the employees and consumers. Trained employees in gambling facilities are an important asset.Most gambling facilities choose the best candidates to fill in their empty job positions but fail to train them on how to handle customers and heighten their experience in the gambling facilities. Gambling facilities should invest in training programs for their employees so that customers get to experience good customer service. Hiring and firing of employees wastes a lot of time and funds, and many gambling facilities do this (Baird, 2002). The training programs should be involving and fun for the employees being instruct for them to grasp every aspect of the program.Good training program translates to good customer service and great customer satisfaction which is good for business. Improving retentiveness strategies for consumers in gambling is one area that needs improvement. If these strategies are improved, the gamblers lifetime value and loyalty is increased and guaranteed. Improving the efficiency of customer service is one such strategy. The gamblers can also be motivated by boosting their confidence. Customer experience can also be advanced by introducing mobile applications and complaisantmedia platforms that allow the gamblers and the gambling joint owners to interact. This boosts the confidence of the customers and encourages them to visit the gambling joints whether physically or through online services. The gambling industry has its own strategic evaluatio n marked with its own goals and objectives. The industry has recommendations on gambling research methods, ways to educate and prevent harm to gamblers and treatment.Within the gambling industry, research is being THE GAMBLING INDUSTRY 6 done to identify and minimize the risks and harms associated with high stake, high prize gaming machines and support for harm prevention strategies and projects ( responsible for(p) Gambling, 2012). The following are the goals for gambling industries via their strategic evaluation creating public awareness to the general public mass of the potential and associated risks with gambling.This is by informing the mass about the problem of gambling issues and helping them know obligated gambling and making them aware of ways to make healthy choices. This is through education and training. Another goal is to deliver gambling in a manner that promotes responsible gambling and informed choices among gamblers and potential gamblers.This is can be backed up b y developing policies that encourage responsible gambling and improving the skills and knowledge about responsible gambling among gamblers. Finally, the industry tries to provide treatment and support to those gamblers impacted by the problem of gambling (Ministry of humans Safety, 2011). Barriers to effective strategic evaluation in the gambling industry include high taxes that gambling companies are charged by the government, intense competition and the rising labor costs. High taxes levied against the industries tend to make it hard for the companies to make their evaluations effective as most of the money assembled is charged by the government in form of tax.Intense competition amongst the gambling companies also acts as a barrier to evaluation as some companies are face reduced profits from losing customers. The high cost of labor tends to reduce the profit levels of the companies too. With increased labor requirement for growth and the increase in labor costs, gambling firms are facing a loss of some funds. With the free and global access to the internet, the gambling industry can use this medium as a way to make their strategies effective.Some industries have built platforms on the THE GAMBLING INDUSTRY 7 internet such as websites where they can reach their customers from anywhere in the world. Online gambling games can also be created. Applications that can be installed on mobile phones and computers are being developed to enable gamblers to play their favorite games on their accessories.References Hoovers. (n. d). Gambling Report Summary. Retrieved from http//www. hoovers. com/industry- facts. gambling. 1431. html Martin Baird. (2002). Seven Keys to Improving Casino Guest Service. Retrieved from http//www. urbino. net/articles. cfm? specificArticle=Seven%20Keys%20to%20Improving %20Casino%20Guest%20Service Jueves.(2013).Casinos in the World SWOT Analysis. Retrieved from http//casinosintheworld. blogspot. com/2013/02/swot-analysis. html THE GAMBLING I NDUSTRY 8 Responsible Gambling Strategy Board. (2012). Responsible gambling strategy prioritises its focus for the next three years. Retrieved from http//www. rgsb. org. uk/press- releases/responsible-gambling-strategy-prioritises-its-focus-for-the-next-three-years. html Ministry of Public Safety and Solicitor General. (2011). B. C. s Responsible Gambling Strategy and Three Year Plan (2011/12 2013/14). Retrieved from https//www. gaming. gov. bc. ca/reports/docs/plan-rg-three-yr-2011-2014. pdf.

Psychoanalysis and The Wizard of Oz Essay

Analyzing The Wizard of Oz Freuds Psychosexual Theory and Theory of the Personality vs. Kleins Object Relations and playfulness Technique Theory Psychoanalysis paved the way for infinite discoveries of the human mind. It has been attri entirelyed as the mental sciencea scientific way of locating and understand the (un)natural behavior of a person which greatly affects him or her. The psychoanalytic scheme has always been truly controversial since it introduces very unconventional ways of treating the mind.Although there ar a lot of psychologists who declare influenced the field of psychoanalysis, none merchantman comp atomic number 18 to the contributions of Sigmund Freud and his contentious theories. Sigmund Freud is most famous for his Theory of Personality that talks about the id, ego, and superego and the psychosexual interpretations that goes with it. A nonher important person to note is Melanie Klein who hypothesized her own theories that focus much on the mentality an d behavior of a infant and his or her relationship with the things and tidy sum around him or her.According to Mitchel and Black (1995), Melanie Klein made much(prenominal) a tremendous impact in the field of psychoanalysis that there is no another(prenominal) person aside from Sigmund Freud himself who domiciliate be appreciated for her contribution with friendship to the field of psychoanalysis. Although Klein was influenced by Freuds theories and patterned her theories after his, her own hypotheses are very much contrary from Freuds.While Freud reinforced the idea that personalities of individuals are more likely connected to certain psychosexual gratifications (or dissatisfaction in legion(predicate) cases according to him), Klein more or less centered on the idea that individuals behave according to the experiences they had as a child, the kind of play acting they did, and the things that they played with. In fact, Klein centre more on reading a child by the artwork s and play acting that he or she does.One thing that could be seen as akin(predicate) in their works is the fact that both consider ambitions as very important tools in reading a person and identifying his or her mental situation. Freud stipulated that dreams are very important since they involve thoughts that are unconscious to the person. Moreover, these dreams can also be traced to certain experiences that the person had as a child (Mitchel & Black, 1995). Klein herself believed in such theory, but Freud believed more in the psychosexual aspect of things concerning the human mind and the human behavior.In the setting of school education, most especially with the area of focus and counseling, these two personalities and their theories are greatly used in interpreting childrens manners and their conduct. Counselors would use artworks as a way to delve deeply into what a child is thinking and what are the reasons for his or her certain behavior. Images, colors, signs, and symbols may seem so simplistic when they are looked at their surface interpretations, but psychoanalysis provides potential meanings to what could have been depicted as something so simple and mundane.In literature, there is such an approach called the Psychological Approach in which certain psychoanalytic theories are used to interpret a certain body of work. The intricate details are seen as symbols that contain very important meanings. Such perspective can be used in trying to analyze the ideas that Freud and Klein presented through their theories by comparing and contrasting certain elements of the 1939 movie version of The Wizard of Oz. The Wizard of Oz is a classic childrens literature that was written by L.Frank Baum in 1900 and has been hailed as a beloved masterpiece by some(prenominal). The original work of Baum is very much different from the movie, but it is the movie which has been retained and appreciated by the general public. The characters, settings, certain elements, an d scenes are depicted as marvelous by manya fine example would be the appearance of the ruby slippers of Dorothy (which is in fact colored as silver in the original work as what was expressed by Tim Dirks in his review of The Wizard of Oz) that she can click together to transport her from one arse to some other.The plot is very simple save meaningful. Dorothy, a nine-year old girl from a little arouse in Kansas, goes on a long journey with her dog Toto, the Tin man, the Cowardly Lion, and the bird-scarer to find the Wizard of Oz in the Emerald City and fulfill their individual wishes (Dorothy wants to go home to Kansas, the Lion wishes to have courage, the Tin man desires to have a heart, and the bird-scarer thinks he needs a brain). At the end of the journey, they all realize that the things they are looking have always been with them and under their noses all along.As with many literary works, what makes a person think he or she has achieved the goal is not the resolution of the conclusion but the adventures that the long journey entails. In the end, Dorothy wakes up to find that it was actually just a dream (more or less like when Alice in the Wonderland wakes up to find that all her adventures were just a dream), but the values that she has learned in the journey is very much kept close to her heart. In connection to the psychoanalytic theory, the dream itself may be taken already as a somewhat significant aspect of Dorothys consciousness.There are many other aspects and elements that can be taken as something else if the theories of Freud and Klein would be taken into account. For instance, Dorothy has a very obvious conflict with the Wicked mesmerize of the West/Miss Almira flume over the Ruby Slippers and Toto the dog. During the start of the film, Dorothy was in trouble and in predicament over the warmth of Miss Almira Gulch over Toto, her dog. Toto accidentally bit Miss Gulch on her leg which anger the woman.She was so enraged that she had the sheriff write a warrant that would allow her to take Toto forward and lock him up. However, Toto has always been the only companion of Dorothy and is the only reason that she laughs. Their farm in Kansas has been characterized as gray and dull and Dorothy has been deemed as the only person with such life and happiness. That reason for happiness is Toto, and Miss Gulchs pressure level that the dog be put away is stripping Dorothy of her happiness.According to Klein, such play things of a child are important and usually mean something more. Dorothys play thing may be a dog, but her obvious affection and love for the dog can be traced to the fact that she is yearning for another living thing that could be with her and provide her attention. Her Aunt Emily and Uncle Henry pay more attention to the farm than to their adopted niece, which gives Dorothy the idea that she needs company and does not want to be alone.The gravity of her attachment to Toto is realized in the scene where Miss Gulch arrives and plans on taking Toto away. Dorothy begs for Miss Gulch to reconsider her purpose and even states with such self-sacrificial courage that she would replace Toto and be taken away. Miss Gulch is also so insistent that Toto be taken away and she does the task, symbolically stripping Dorothy of her happiness and causes great dissatisfaction on her part. In Freuds object choice theory, the child readily associates things or people that he or she is surround with.The people that the child finds are considered as his or her associates (people that are close to the child or in some cases, the things that matters to him or her) that he or she wants to have affection with and instinct tells him or her that there needs to be a established relationship with that person (or people or things). Dorothy considers her Aunt Emily and Uncle Henry as people that she should connect with and feel some sort of affection, but the two characters do not reciprocate the feelings inste ad, Dorothy finds herself drawn to Toto, her dog.Since the dog is her maternal substitute, Dorothy is drawn to feign and fantastically daydream which is the whole point of the story of The Wizard of OzDorothys dream. Dorothy retreated to her world bringing Toto and play acting, but since the awful truth of universe plays such a big part in her life, the usual running away with Toto does not suffice anymore, and a deeper form of running away takes place and makes her to the full leave the world of the farm in Kansas.Dreams as what Freud and Klein believe are very important tools since Dorothy dreamt that she was in the World of Oz and having such wonderful adventures, she strayed away from reality and got lost in the make-believe world that she has unconsciously created. Another of Freuds theory comes into place with the mention of the unconscious. The famous iceberg imagery or metaphor of his theory of personality and the id, ego, and superego play a part in Dorothys dreaming.The ego is what people perceive as reality and manifests in the forcible world the id is the unconscious which greatly affects and controls our behavior and way of thinking in reality and is considered as irrational since it involves the hidden urges and desires we have that we are not fully aware of and lastly, the superego is the conscience and is considered as the ethical voice that controls our behavior subconsciously. Dorothys dreams may be her way of running away from reality (as what is supposed with regard to Kleins theory), but it may also be the manifestation of her id (as what is supposed with regard to Freuds theory).The spring of the film appears as Dorothy not being welcomed by her Aunt Emily and Uncle Henry she then resorts to the fantastical notion of the dreamthe dream consists of her adventure with the Tin man, Scarecrow, and the Cowardly Lion. Dorothys participation may be that of a selfish reason (because she wants to go to Emerald City and find the Wizard of Oz s o she can go back to Kansas). But the first part of the adventure (and the beginning of the movie) may be a manifestation of her id, as her wants and demands should be followed.However, as the adventure progresses, she soon realizes the selfishness of her desires and focuses on helping her friends find their own desires. Even if the dream is a manifestation of her id, the ego and superego win over the id. Another thing to point out is the second object of conflict between Dorothy and the Wicked Witch of the West which is the ruby slippers of Dorothy. Firstly, however, it is important to note the existence of the ruby slippers itself. Again, according to Tim Dirks review of The Wizard of Oz, the ruby slippers are the beginning of Dorothys entrance into female person adolescence.Red has always been the archetypal color for passion and blood, and the symbolism behind such color could just mean that Freuds psychosexual theory can be justified. Going back to the Wicked Witch of the Wests desire to have the ruby slippers, it can mean that the Witch wants to rid Dorothy again of the happiness (as the same character who portrayed Miss Gulch is the Wicked Witch too) that she wants to have because the slippers are her means of returning back to Kansas. From a different perspective however, it could mean the Wicked Witch of the West wants to steal Dorothys puberty and youth.There has been many literary works wherein bad witches are in desire of young girls youth, vitality, and virginity (as Snow Whites stepmother wants her dead because of her beauty or when Lamia lures Yvaine to steal her youth in the novel Stardust). It can be concluded that the situation may be the typical good versus evil scenario, but if the Witch so badly wants to have power and let evil reign in the Emerald City, why not go after the Wizard of Oz himself (even if he is a fraud)?If Freud was at the actual scene, he may have interpreted the ruby slippers as a symbol of the beginning of Dorothys men struation. If Klein was there, she would have just said that the ruby slippers are another of Dorothys play things. The close thing to point out is the extreme conflict between Dorothy and Miss Gulch/Wicked Witch of the West. In Kleins theory of Depressive Position, when a child hates his or her mother, he or she in effect hates him- herself.It cannot really be said that Miss Gulch/Wicked Witch of the West can be likened to Dorothys mother, but the enmity between them is so great that the Witch uses such horrifying threats to Dorothy and Toto. Even if the Witch really wants certain valuable things from Dorothy, the vehemence that the Witch feels for Dorothy is so great that it is certain that an underlying symbolism may be present. In Mitchel and Blacks book, a quotation by Herman Hesse was introduced to Kleins chapter If you hate a person, you hate something in him that is part of yourself.What isnt part of ourselves doesnt disturb us. This quotation, in all its simplicity, alrea dy justifies the claim that Dorothy and Miss Gulch/Wicked Witch of the West hate each other because there is a big part of themselves that they probably see in each other and in turn hates it since they see the mirror of themselves. Both Freud and Klein have a lot of similarities and differences in both their theories and in this paper, both theories have been voiced with the certain elements that were picked in the story.Although there is no claim in which theory is better or which interpretation provides more depth and breadth, it is safe to conclude that each theory is unique and helps in making getting a bigger and better viewpoint of The Wizard of Oz, most especially when used and analyzed together. References Mitchel, S. & Black, M. (1995). Freud And Beyond A History Of Modern Psychoanalytic Thought. New York Basic Books Dirks, T. (2009). The Wizard of Oz (1939) Review by Tim Dirks (Review of the movie The Wizard of Oz. Filmsite. Retrieved March 30, 2009, from http//www. films ite. org/wiza3. html.

Philosophical Reflection Essay

In the nomenclature of Socrates, the Great Greek philosopher, The unexamined life is not worth living. One of the major things that distinguish macrocosm from other animals is his ability to ruminate. To be is to be conscious and to be conscious means to be to the full aware and thoughtful. In a world where different belief systems are flying around, man call for to test all things and hold on to that which is certain. We should pattern our lives in such a way that we check truth from illusion and make decisions after blow-by-blow or critical consideration.Philosophical reflection is the careful examination of life situations. This involves the thinking of several alternatives and using specific standards to evaluate ones actions. A man reflects philosophically when he is able to build on previous actions, events, or decisions. This essential associate spells the difference between man and other lower animals whose basis of action is their feeling. Making an assessment of my life, i go forth say that philosophical reflection has been a part of my life.I learnt the importance of making the right field choices early in life. My father used to tell me You are what you do. I guess this make me develop a cautious attitude towards making decisions and evaluating issues before coming to a conclusion. I commit grown up to see things from different points of check. I do not accept a view because of who said it, rather, i put all things into scrutiny in order to hold on to that which is true. originally making a decision, i draw up a probable conclusion on the eventualities and weigh up the effect of my actions. I believe the wisest of men can learn from a fool and in view of this, i do not write-off anybody. I carefully and critically examine a pre-existing belief before incorporating it as my belief system. As i have discovered, many of the things pile believe are lies and illusions. I do not attach sentiments to whatever i do because this will lead my jud gement astray. Reference

Importance of Law to Different People Essay

Various schools of faithfulness squ atomic number 18 up equity from incompatible angles and this is done by mainly looking at the purpose that is to be achieved. The implication of rectitude maybe different to a lawyer, a law implementment agency, a law breaker and so far a business man. If delineate simply then law is a system, a set of rules and guidelines that ar enforced/ utilizeed with a set of different g everyplacenment institutions. It jockstraps to shape politics, economics, and most importantly, guild by serving as a mediator of relations between flock and different groups (Various, 2011).They argon considered to be the basic of behavior, and at the same time, vagabonds established by the Government of a country. These guidelines are relevant to anyone and everyone, with the expectations that are followed rather than broken, without any discrimination. constabulary is the command of the sovereign. It imposes a duty and is supported by a sanction, which wi ll be looked at further in this writing. Law is made of three elements command, duty and sanction. To implement and enforce law and provide run to the public, a governments bureaucracy, the military and police are vital.With all these organs of the state are creatures created and bound by law, an independent sub judice profession and vibrant civil society inform and support their progress (Various, 2011). Law is a fair heart of charge everyone equal in the eyes of the state, and rid out crimes which are the enkindlecer of society. Law is a generic term which is further divided into categories so no walks of spirit isnt out of the reach of the law enforcers. Law is not a man made phenomena as we cease see law in effect in nature too. It is something that keeps things in balance.Some might argue that law isnt required, moreover man in its nature is inclined to sway from the right code of conduct. Law doesnt enforce something un-natural that kosher ways of doing things. The ne ed of Law is fundamental, it sets up guidelines for appropriate behavior that has been perfected over time and based on moral beliefs. And also Law is a divine quality inclined to man to controls mans sinful nature for centuries. When can see the importance of Law in man life by the example of Adam and Eve, they had guidelines they had to follow, no matter how limited it was, and when they were broken they were punished for it.This shows that the need of Law or guidelines is something as natural to mankind as breathing. Law has a different meaning to a lawyer, a law enforcement agency, a law breaker and a businessman. A lawyer assists others in sagacity the rule of law and provides his help to those who want to enforce the law for a particular purpose. The objective of a law enforcement agency is to promote law and ensure that it is being followed in an organized manner. A law breaker is not try to understand the rule of law and just wants to disrupt the society by breaking it.A b usiness man has to follow the law in his day to day relations and to a business man, law is mainly a set of rules and regulations that agree to be followed in order to carry out the business. The objective of this paper is to highlight how various individuals perceive law and the meaning that law has to them. Law is there to serve different purposes and law can only be easily defined if this purpose is apparent. The aim of this paper is to show what perception different individuals have of law.It is very important to come the differences in perception of various segments regarding law to be able to understand how it would be defined by them. This would help us analyze and interpret the way they look at law and might help us in forming a mutual definition of law. It is necessary to shed light upon what law means to different segments in order to create a linkage among the common elements exist so it becomes easier for us to understand the actual meaning of law. Methodology The topi c that has been covered in this paper can have a legal as well as a social continue.It can have a social impact because it highlights the different meanings that law can have to different individuals in the society which can assist the members of the society to understand how various individuals perceive law. Law is importance to all the individual but the degree of importance surely varies. The paper sheds light on the importance that different individuals attach to law hence having a society wide impact. The paper can have a legal impact because it shows us how the various segments of the legal system including the lawyers and law enforcement agencies perceive law and how essential law is to them.This can help us interpret their reaction towards various aspects and also help us understand how different segments within the legal system might work. What does law mean to a lawyer? Law has a great deal of significance to a lawyer. Law is needed to resolve these disputes and lawyers u se these laws a sound ground for resolving such disputes, as exemplified by the famous story of the Judgment of Solomon. It was thought raze from classical times that law performed a very important function that of encouraging and helping sight to do the right thing.For example, Aristotle (384 BC 322 BC) argued that people needed the discipline of law to habituate them into doing the right thing, from which bandstand they could then appreciate why doing the right thing was the right thing to do and lawyers set examples for others through use of laws. Up until the 20th century, this view of law was accepted by law makers, with the result that the legal system contained a large number of morals laws that is, laws that were designed purely and simply to stop people acting immorally, according to the lights of Christian teaching on what counted as immoral behavior.For the lawyer law is develop to improve the system of legal representation, ensure that lawyers conduct their busin ess in accordance with the law, standardize lawyers behavior, foster the legitimate rights and interests of litigants, safeguard the correct enforcement of laws and bring into full play the positive role of lawyers in establishing a socialist legal system. Lawyer refers to personnel who have obtained a business license for setting up a lawyers practice in accordance with the law and who are providing legal services for the public.When setting up a practice, lawyers must abide by the Constitution and the law, and must scrupulously see professional ethics and discipline. Lawyers who set up in practice must use facts as a basis and the law as criteria. Lawyers who set up in practice must accept watchfulness by the state, the public and litigants. Lawyers who set up in practice in accordance the law are protected by the law.

Commercial Contracts Under Nigerian Legislation

COMMERCIAL consumeS chthonic NIGERIAN LEGISLATION Introduction A contr exercise is an agreement which is leg all toldy binding on the parties to it and which if blue may be enforced by transactionion in court against the party that has broken it. A contract may be void or voidable. A void contract is that which lacks the essential ingredients or elements of valid contract and therefore of no reasoned effect. A voidable contract is that which is valid in the first place but may be ended at the instance of one of the parties to it.Such contracts imply guarantee with a bank of money lender, subscribe purchase and sale or leasing of land. The legal consequences of non-compliance argon that they argon not enforceable at law though they are not inescapably void. However, somewhat categories of contracts must(prenominal) of necessity be in writing or else they shall be void absolutely. These include enthral of shares, marine insurance and hire purchase agreements. As a general ru le also, all contracts are in the nature of agreement however, not all agreements may constitute a contract mighty so called.For instance, an agreement for the sale of a parcel of land is intended to be binding and enforceable at law, whereas, an invitation to a luncheon which after all, did not hold may not be enforceable at the suit of the disappointed party. A contract may also be on a lower floor-seal or by deed and may be simple or oral. It may be extend when it is written or implied when it is inferred from the conduct and acts of the parties. In addition, there can be bilateral contract between two parties or multi-lateral contract among parties depending on the nature of obligations to be performed under the agreement.Condition and warranty are the two basic types of express terms in a contract. Whether a term is a limit or warranty depends on the intention of the parties. A condition is a vital term which goes to the root of the contract. Breach of a condition entitles the innocent party to repudiate the contract and to claim damages. A warranty is a term which is infantryman to the main purpose of the contract, breach of which only entitles the innocent party to damages. FORMATION OF A VALID CONTRACT The main requirements of a valid contract are as follows 1. there must be an mountain pass . there must be an acceptance 3. there must be status 4. parties must fox profuse contractual capacity 5. there must be an intention to create legal regarding 6. object of the contract must not be unlawful nor illegal 7. prescribed formalities must be followed, for example, it should be in writing or by deed. Forms of Contract Contract supported by consideration are essentially expected to be in writing,. It is however important to note that a contract may also be oral or implied and yet be binding on the parties depending on the peculiar circumstances.The fact mud that a contract may not be interpreted as being invalid or unenforceable for the mere fac t that it is not in a written form. Te court would ordinarily not assist any person who was lured into an oral agreement. opus merely facilitates the interpretation or proving of the terms of the contract barring which it may not be all that necessary. In considering commercial-grade contracts under Nigerian legislation however, we would evaluate three of such contracts which are ? hire purchase ?sale of goods ? mental representation. delegation CONTRACT IntroductionAgency is a human relationship that exists between two persons, one of whom expressly or impliedly agrees that the other should represent him or act on his behalf. The one that is represented is called the principal magic spell the person representing or acting on somebodys behalf is called mover. Agency relationship involves the consent of the element and the principal that one should act for the other. It thus arises from a contract or agreements express or implied. Ofodile v. Chinwuba Generally, the relationsh ip of principal and agent may arise in three main ways 1.By agreement , whether contractual or not express or implied in nature 2. By subsequent ratification by the principal of the agents act done on his behalf, and 3. By operation of law under the doctrine of necessity Whether or not an agency relationship exists would largely depend on the reliable nature of the agreement and the circumstances of the relationship between the principal and the agent. In another vein, the law of agency consists of the law of the employer and the employed, where the employment consists of bringing the employer into contractual relationship with the third party.This relationship is simply referred to as The compass and Servant relationship under the labour law and for which there is a vicarious liability. An agent should be distinguished for an autonomous contractor. An independent contractor is the person who negotiates with the third party on his own behalf. An independent contactor is a person liable to give contract for service while and agent or servant renders contract of service. An independent contractor is personally liable at law for his actions. An agent is not a trustee of the goods in his care not being the legal owner.The extent or scope of the Agents discretion is determined by his principals instructions. Legal title always remains in the principal. An agent can therefore not give good title all by himself. CLASSIFICATION OF AGENCY a. Special Agent This is someone who has authority to do some particular act on behalf of his principal though not a continuous basis for instance, a special arrange to purchase a house or a vehicle. b. General Agent this is someone who has power to act for his principal in all matters involving business or trade, for example a solicitor or legal practitioner. . A Factor Agent He is an agent who sells or disposes of goods that are entrusted to him. His activities are governed by the Factors mask 1889 (UK d. Broker Agent He negot iates ad makes contract for the sale and purchase of goods. However unlike a factor he is not left in possession of the goods. Typical example is insurance Brokers and song Brokers. e. Universal Agent This is someone who represents various principals in many aspects of trade. He is appointed by a Deed under Power of Attorney and has wide powers. f.Mercantile Agent He represents someone in commercial and certain aspects of trade. Their duties are more or less similar to those of the factor agent g. Auctioneer He represents a principal in the disposal of real properties. They are usually licensed to sell properties of Mortgagors who soak up defaulted in payment. Auctioneer acts between the Vendor and the purchaser. He receives commission and invariably sells to the highest bidder. h. Estate Agent These deal in the acquisition of, valuation of an disposal of properties i.Del-Credere Agent This is a mercantile agent who, in consideration of extra pay, that is del-credere commission gu arantees to his principal that the 3rd party with whom he enters into contract on behalf of the principal shall duly pay the sum becoming due under the contract. In effect a del credere agent is a surety of the person with whom he deals. This is just a form of guarantee which may not necessarily be in writing in order to be enforceable at law. CREATION OF AGENCY It may be created in two broad ways namely (a)Expressly and (b) impliedly a. Express Creation . By deed this involves issuing an authority in writing with the necessary instruction and attestation clauses. That is signed, sealed and delivered. This knead is known as the granting a Power of Attorney. 2. Oral instruction This is agency by appointment, it deals with express strength of the principal to the agent to act for him b. Implied Creation 1. Agency of necessity This is created by act of person who normally had no authority but was compelled to reasonable act to protect the interest of the 3rd party oddly during an emergency placement. 2.Agency by Estoppel This is a type of agency that can be inferred form the conduct of the parties. If the built in bed that exists suggests that parties want to create an agency relationship, either of the parties is stopped form denying the existence of such a relationship. 3. unmingled Agency This occurs where a principal has not taken due precaution to prevent a situation where somebody portrays himself as having power to act as his agent. 4. Agency by ratification This occurs where the principal having full knowledge of the fact, accepts the benefits of the contract entered into by his apparent agent.Any act whether lawful or unlawful may be ratified provided it is not void. If it is voidable it is still capable of being ratified as long as it is valid. In Brook v. Nook where an agent forged his principals signature on a promissory note it was held that the attempt at ratification was void. The principal must have capacity as at the date of the contr act. In Kelner v. Baxter where a promoter tried to ratify some pre-incorporation contracts it was held that he could not succeed as the contracts predated the company.

Boutique Managment System

1. Boutique trouble SystemThe enjoyment of Boutique Management system is to implement the computerization of the clothes inventory and sales etc. BMS (Boutique Management System) that designed to manage your boutique is very user friendly software. With this software, you can generate report ground on your preference (daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly).Scope-BMS (Boutique Management System) should be designed to manage your boutique in a very user friendly way. With this software, you should generate report based on your preference (daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly). The class consists of the interest staffsSource listing This module is supposititious to identify the products by their discription. Add products This module is supposed to take the inputs from an input device. Add customers This module is cap commensurate of adding customers in the specified formats. Update and delete products This module ordain update and delete products. Update and delete customers This modul e will be able to update and delete customers SearchingIn this module the admin or employee can search the customer or products from the database based on criterias TransactionsThis module will take up transactions like selling products, buying products from supplier modify cash and updating the bills. Appropriate actions will be taken.Report GenerationThis is a client program which will crave for reports. 1). Registration of any new product 2) Functional specification for SearchThe search should be a facial expression insensitive search for points which contain the search key word. The search results should display all the items which matched the search criteria. It will return only those items which are up for sale currently. 3) Sell an ItemWhen the user clicks on Sell an item link, then a page comes up which allows the user to do the following Provide a deed for the item and a description of the Item.A text box to put in the price A text box to provide the date.4) Category S earchingWhen the user clicks on any of the Categories, a new page should distribute up which shows all the items up for sale in the Category. 5) Buy an Item (Item page)The Item page contains the following- The title of the Item The Description of the Item The name of the Seller The current price.6) Edit an ItemThe sellers should be able to edit the item. The seller should be able to do the following- Change Price and description

Functionalism Conflict Theory Essay

Knowledge is shaped by the hearty world. (Karl Mannheim.) Though trying to reckon the social world whitethorn seem difficult, sociologists managed to create three theories on how different aras of the world fit with one an some other as well as working pass in hand with distributively other. The three theories be cognize as Symbolic Interactionism, Functionalism and Conflict Theory. each(prenominal) theory serves as a significant aspect on how individuals view social life and how it effectuate society as a whole.The first perspective would invite to be the simplest of all and is categorized as a micro level since it is focused on smaller scale than the remaining perspectives. Symbolic Interactionism was founded by Charles Horton Cooley (1864-1929), William I. Thomas (1863-1947) and George Herbert Mead (18-63-1931). harmonize to the textbook, symbolic interactionism means a theoretical perspective in which society is viewed as composed of symbols that people use to establi sh meaning, develop their views of the world and communicate with one a nonher. In other words, it means symbols have an attached meaning that effect the way we view the world and communicate with individuals.Examples of symbols are family members, relationships, language, co-workers, etc. If there were no symbols in our life, we wouldnt know who we are related to or who to throw authority to. For congressman, at your job you are required to respect the person of high authority which may be your manager or your boss, (depending on your symbol at your facility). In your family, the symbols would be your mother, father, brother, sister, aunts, uncles, etc. No matter what area, each symbol has a different behavior and interacts differently unlike the rest. To narrow this down, lets compare the relationship with a boyfriend to a brother. A brother would be lovely and caring but would not be as intimate as the boyfriend would be. If we didnt have symbols, we wouldnt be able to differe ntiate how to act with those two.The only positive side nigh not having symbols would be the fact that there would be no war since we wouldnt be able to understand who our enemy is let alone knowing what an enemy is. The next perspective is focused on a macro level since it is aimed at the large scale of society. Functionalism was founded by Robert Merton (1910-2003), The accomplishments of functional analysis are satisfactory to suggest that its large promise will progressively be fulfilled, just as its current deficiencies shew to the need for periodically overhauling the past to build for the future (Social Theory and Social Structure Page 74). According to the textbook, functionalism means a theoretical framework in which society is viewed as composed of various parts, each with a function that when fulfilled, contributes to societys equilibrium.In other words, various parts work together as a whole to maintain societys balance. Robert Merton defined functions as positive co nsequences ground on humans actions that benefit the society. Functions that are intended to assistance a system are known as manifest function. Followed by this would be the unintended consequence to adjust the system which is known as latent functions. The textbook breaks these two down using an example of giving married couples an spare $10,000 for child bearing (this is the manifest function). Unknowingly, this increases the products used to care for a baby which is known at the latent functions. Though manifest and latent functions are used to balance a system, there are overly some dysfunctions that can actually break down the system.These consequences are unusually unintended and because of that, its referred to as latent dysfunctions. Referring back to the example stated in the textbook a latent dysfunction about giving $10,000 to each married couple that bears a child would be the rise in taxes which the couples may not be able to afford since they will be living off of the bonus. Another example that many individuals can relate to is our family. Every family member plays a significant role in their household. Examining the fiscal state of the family, its the bread winner that holds the financial issues together. Without the bread winner, the family would struggle and even turn for help towards the government. If the function of the bread winner begins to take a turn for the negative, the family weakens and loses their ability to prosper as a whole. This is an important factor on how functions can either make or break society. The smaller units mint the larger units in both negative and positive ways. Last but not least, the next perspective would be conflict theory.ReferencesCooley, Charles H. The Roots of Social Knowledge. American Journal of Sociology 32.1 (1926) 59-79. Print. Merton, Robert K. Social Theory and Social Structure. young York Division of Macmillian Co &, 1968. The Free Press. Web. 14 Nov. 2012. . Coser, Lewis. Chapter IX. The F unctions of Social Conflict. Glenoe, IL Free, 1956. 151-57. The Functions of Social Conflict. Web. 18 Nov. 2012. .

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 25

Leadership - Essay ExampleAn important skill that leaders essential possess is communication skills. A good leader moldiness have superb verbal and pen communication skills. Verbal communication skills are required to inspire others to achieve a higher train of performance. Managers are responsible over the performance of the company and its entire staff. Excellent communication skills are needed by managers beca drop they are require to submit different reports to a variety of stakeholder groups which include lenders, employees, suppliers, government, board of directors, and investors. energetic listening skills are important for leaders to possess. The use of active listening implies fully concentrating on what is macrocosm said rather than just passively hearing the message of the speaker (Skillsyouneed).A leader must have excellent analytical abilities due to the fact that leaders are exposed to vast amounts of information. He must be able to dissect information in order to make good direct decisions. Since leaders have to interact with lots of persons the leader must have good people and interpersonal skills. Interpersonal skills are measures of how adept you are at interacting with others (Ncsu). Leaders are assertive and have combine in themselves. Two important abilities that leaders have are collaboration and teamwork. Teamwork has become a fine success factor in the 21st century. Leadership skills can be enhanced through the use of teamwork. Negotiation skills are also a part of the skill set of a leader. An important map that a leader must perform is to motivate others. A technique that leaders such as managers can use to motivate others is intrinsic and extrinsic rewards. An example of an extrinsic reward is offering pecuniary incentives such as bonuses, while an intrinsic reward could be giving an employee a pad in the back for a job well done.Using teamwork can help develop the leadership, communication, and problem answer skills of th e staff. A

Formal analysis of one photograph chosen by student making use of two Essay

Formal analysis of one photograph chosen by student making rehearse of two different methodologies taught in the module - Essay ExampleSemiotics is the use or capturing of visual meaning within an attribute. It can be described as a language within itself, without the quest for words. Indeed, it is clear that The Power of One is extremely emotive, its language powerful and vast and immediate. What is the visual meaning of this image? As has been already mentioned, this image has the potential to evoke contradictory visual meaning, depending on what one trys and on whether one solely sees rather than reads into the image. The implicational qualities of images alone create an array of possibilities as to how an image will be read and just what the observer will see both at the beginning and during the utterance of an image. That is to say that what one may see or feel or notice, and how one will ingest an image when first viewed may not necessarily be, and is usually not the sam e as that after observing and examining an image for some time. Images argon different from texts of actual language, and this causes one to approach an image with unbelief The Power of One does not tell one how to feel or what exactly it is there is no actual language. And so, one must decipher the unwritten yet strongly visible language portrayed. This is where the previously mentioned conflicts become apparent.Indeed, it is quite simply an image of a woman, but is she defying the soldiers or protecting her land? The building on her face is pained, perhaps she is trying to simply protect her landor it could be function and anger, perhaps she is defying the soldiers, fighting them. But let us look at the image as a whole, for there is a great deal more language contained in other elements which will supply one to understand perhaps on a deeper level the woman and the purpose of her presence. We can see the language of the soldiers the clothes they wear are black a menacing c olour of death they are all male. The woman wears household clothes she is a woman